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Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

plays a major role in epithelial differentiation

A

Vit A

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2
Q

affects bone development and growth in children

A

Vit A

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3
Q

principal storage of the vitamin A

A

Liver

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4
Q

Where does precursor of Vit A comes from

A

carrots contain carotene

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5
Q

Condition result from Vit A Def.

A

NIGHTBLINDNESS, XEROPHTHALMIA, HYPERKERATOSIS (because of decreased epithelial differentiation) and growth cessation

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6
Q

Vit A Def results from?

A

MALABSORPTION OF FAT and IMPAIRMENT OF ITS STORAGE in the LIVER

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7
Q

How does Vit D formed?

A

action of ultraviolet irradiation on sterols.

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8
Q

2 Forms of Vit D

A

Cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)

Calciferol (vitamin D2)

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9
Q

Precursor of Vit D.

A

7-dehydrocholesterol and Ergosterol from irradiation

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10
Q

Converrsion of Vit D3 happens in?

A

Skin

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11
Q

Vit D from Liver become?

A

25‐hydroxyvitamin D

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12
Q

Vit D from Kidney become?

A

1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D

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13
Q

1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D is done in response to?

A

need for Calcium and Phosphate.

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14
Q

Vit D Def result to?

A

Rickets (Children) Osteomalacia (Adults)

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15
Q

Rickets is due to?

A

Stimulation Parathyroid hormone due to low calcium and phosphate

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16
Q

Vit D requirement is high in what set of individuals?

A

Dark people due to Melanin that interferes irradiation of Vit D3

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17
Q

Vit E other name

A

ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL

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18
Q

Vit E function

A

Potent antioxidant Enhance vitamin A usage

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19
Q

Principal source of Vit E

A

Plant oils

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20
Q

biochemical markers needed to diagnose vitamin E deficiency

A

Serum tocopherol levels are LOW

POSITIVE hydrogen peroxide hemolysis test

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21
Q

Hypervitaminosis E symptoms?

A

Muscle weakness

Fatigue, Headache, Nausea

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22
Q

Premature infants Vit E Def symptoms?

A

edema, anemia and low tocopherol levels

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23
Q

How you will reduce toxicity due to Vit E

A

Discontinuation of supplementation

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24
Q

Vit K is associated with what kind of quinones?

A

Phylloquinone (vitamin K1)
Menadione (vitamin K3)
Menaquinones (vitamin K2)

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25
Q

What part of Blood coagulation does Vit K involved?

A 
Prothrombin
Factor VII (Proconvertin)
Factor IX (Plasma thromboplastin)
Factor X (Stuart factor)
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26
Q

Sources of Vit K

A

Green vegetables
Bacteria (gram-positive organisms) ->vitamin K2
Vitamin K3 -> chemically synthesized quinone that possess the same activity as vitamin K1

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27
Q

Vit K Excess result into

A

Kernectiirus

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28
Q

Vit K Def result into

A

Increased bleeding time, lead to Hypoprothrombenemia

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29
Q

Population at risk in Vit K Def?

A

Newborn infants

Patients receiving anticoagulant therapy

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30
Q

vitamin B12 get from

A

Animal products

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31
Q

Richest source of B vitamin group

A

Seeds including the germ of wheat or of rice

32
Q

Active form of Vit B1

A

Thiamine pyrophosphate

33
Q

Vit B1 def result into

34
Q

Alcoholic person will have def in what Vit?

35
Q

Other name of Vit B2

A

Riboflavin

36
Q

Vit B2 result into?

A

ARIBOFLAVINOSIS

37
Q

ARIBOFLAVINOSIS px will have?

A

Local seborrheic Dermatitis limited to the face and scrotum

38
Q

Vit B3 other name

39
Q

Vit B3 Def

40
Q

Pellgra symptomes

A

Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea

41
Q

Vit B6 othere name

A

Pyridoxine

42
Q

Vit B6 Def

A

Sensory neuritis, mental depression, and convulsions
Hypochromic sideroblastic anemia
Pellagra‐like symptoms

43
Q

HYPOCHROMIC Sideroblasts due to

A

Vit B6 Def

44
Q

Vit B12 Def

A

Pernicious anemia due to absence of Intrinsic Factor

45
Q

Pernicous anemia character?

A

Megaloblastic anemia and neuropathies

46
Q

Vegan Px will have what Vit Def

47
Q

Presence of Avidin result into

A

Biotin Def

48
Q

Biotin Def will result into?

A

Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, glossitis, depression, and dry scaly dermatitis

49
Q

Folic Acid Def result into?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, Glossitis, Diarrhea, Weight loss

50
Q

Required for Pregnancy and Lactation

A

Folic Acid

51
Q

Hypoervitaminosis B result into?

A

Peripheral neuropathies

52
Q

Niacin excess:result into?

A

Flushing, pruritus, GI disturbances

53
Q

Essential for the maintenance of the ground substance that binds cells together

54
Q

Needed in the formation and maintenance of collagen

55
Q

Vit C Def result into

A

Gum hemorrhage Scurvy Abnormal bone and tooth development in growing children

56
Q

Excess Vit C result into

A

diarrhea due to intestinal irritation

57
Q

Therapeutic role of Vit A

A

Cancer, Acne

58
Q

Therapeutic role Vit C and E

A

Antioxidant

59
Q

Therapeutic role Vit C, E, beta carotene

A

Anti atherosclerosis

60
Q

Therapeutic role Niacin

A

lowers serum Cholesterol

61
Q

Antioxidant properties of vitamins C and E inhibits

A

formation of Carcinogens

62
Q

Antoxidant properties of Vitamin C, E and β-carotene

A

reduce LDL oxidation

63
Q

Vit K given to neonated due to

A

Intestinal bacteria unable to produce the Vit

64
Q

Folic acid given to pregnant women due to

A

Decrease risk of neural tube defects

65
Q

Mineral oil, neomycin and cholestyramine impair

A

Vit A absorption

66
Q

Oral contraceptives

A

Increase Vit A plasma levels

67
Q

It Impair physiological function of vitamin A

68
Q

What Enzyme does ethanol impairs

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

69
Q

Alcohol dehydrogenase def result to

A

Decreased conversion of retinol to retinal

70
Q

how does Glucocorticoids affect Vit D

A

Interfere with hepatic metabolism of vitamin D

71
Q

Phenobarbital, Phenytoin will cause

A

Accelerates degradation of vitamin D3 to inactive metabolites

72
Q

Sunscreens will cause

A

Impairs synthesis of vitamin D3

73
Q

Oral contraceptives will cause

A

Decrease plasma levels of ascorbic acid

74
Q

Ethanol, phenytoin, oral contraceptives

A

Accelerates loss of folate

75
Q

It Compete with folic acid for plasma protein binding

A

Salicytates

76
Q

Folate antagonist which inhibits the biosynthesis of the coenzyme

A

Methotrexate

Pharma 4 (2 decks)

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