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Boards Part 1 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

0
Q

B1 active form

A

TPP

Thiamine Pyrophosphate

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1
Q

B1 name

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

B1 reaction

A

Decarboxylation (-CO2)

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3
Q

B1 Deficiency

A
  • Beri-beri (wet=cardiovascular/dry=PNS, numbness of legs)

- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (alcohol, psychosis w/ dimentia)

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4
Q

B2 name

A

Riboflavin

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5
Q

B2 active form

A

FAD

flavin-adenine-dinucleotide

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6
Q

B2 reaction

A
  • oxidation/reduction

- dehydrogenase enzyme

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7
Q

B2 deficiency

A
  • Cheilosis
  • Angular stomatosis (cracking on sides)
  • Magenta tongue
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8
Q

B2 is destroyed by _______

A

light

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9
Q

B3 name

A

Niacin

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10
Q

B3 active form

A
  • NAD (nicatinamide)

- NADP (adenine dinucleotide)

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11
Q

B3 reaction

A
  • oxidation/reduction
  • dehydrogenase enzyme
  • same as B2
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12
Q

B3 deficiency

A

Pellagra (dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death)

*4 D’s

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13
Q

B3 is synthesized from which amino acid?

A

tryptophan

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14
Q

B5 name

A

pantothenic acid

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15
Q

B5 reaction

A

structural component of coenzyme A (coA)

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16
Q

B5 deficiency

A

burning foot syndrome

think F for five and foot

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17
Q

B5 is destroyed by _______

A

heat

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18
Q

B6 name

A

pyridoxine

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19
Q

B6 reaction

A
  • amino acid metabolism

- transanimations (ketoacidamino acid)

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20
Q

B6 is made by _______

A

gut flora

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21
Q

B7 name

A

Biotin

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22
Q

B7 reaction

A

Carboxylation (+CO2)

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23
Q

B7 is depleted by Avidin, which is found in __________

A

egg whites

24
Q

B7 is made by __________

A

gut flora

25
Q

B9 name

A

Folic acid

26
Q

B9 reaction

A
  • methyl transfer (1 carbon transfer)

- DNA & RNA synthesis

27
Q

B9 deficiency

A
  • glossitis (large tongue)
  • megaloblastic anemia
  • neural tube defects
28
Q

B12 name

A

Cobalamin

29
Q

B12 reaction

A

homocysteine remethylation

30
Q

B12 deficiency

A
  • pernicious anemia (from decreased intrinsic factor)
  • megaloblastic anemia (from any other cause of B12 def)
  • Posterior lateral sclerosis
31
Q

B12 contains what mineral?

A

Cobalt

32
Q

B12 is found in most _____ products

A

meat products (lacking in vegetarian diets)

33
Q

Vitamin C name

A

Ascorbic acid

34
Q

Vitamin C function

A
  • hydroxylation of proline & lysine in collagen

- enhances iron absorption

35
Q

Vitamin C deficiency

A

Scurvy (bleeding gums)

36
Q

Vitamin C is destroyed by _____

A

heat

37
Q

High sources of vitamin C

A
  • Brussel sprouts *highest
  • red peppers
  • citrus
38
Q

Vitamins are co________ and minerals are co_________

A

Vitamins–> coenzymes

Minerals–> cofactors

39
Q

Vitamin A active form

A
  • Retinoic acid *most active form

- Retinal

40
Q

Vitamin A function

A
  • Vision
  • Growth
  • Immune system
41
Q

Vitamin A deficiency

A
  • Nyctolopia (night blindness)
  • Keratomalacia (degeneration of cornea)
  • Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
42
Q

Which vitamins are water soluble?

A

Vitamins B(all) & C

43
Q

Which vitamins are fat soluble?

A

Vitamins A, D, E, & K

44
Q

T/F: there is no toxicity associated with water soluble vitamins

A

True (B/c you pee them out)

45
Q

Vitamin D active form

A

1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol

46
Q

Vitamin D function

A

calcium and phosphate metabolism

47
Q

Vitamin D deficiency

A
  • Rickets (children)

- Osteomalacia (adults)

48
Q

What is the difference between essential and non-essential vitamins?

A

Essential-need to get from diet

Non-essential (body can synthesize)

49
Q

Vitamin E active form

A

Alpha-tocopherol

50
Q

Vitamin E function

A

lipid antioxidant

51
Q

Best source of vitamin E

A

wheat germ oil

52
Q

Other names for Vitamin K

A
  • Hydroquinone

- Menadione

53
Q

Best source of vitamin K

A

green leafy vegetables

54
Q

Vitamin K functions

A
  • blood clotting

- precursor to coenzyme Q

55
Q

Vitamin K is made by _______

A

gut flora

56
Q

Which vitamins are made by gut flora?

A
  • B6
  • B7
  • Vitamin K
57
Q

Vitamin K converts ________ into __________

A

Converts prothrombin into thrombin

Boards Part 1 (2 decks)

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