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Boards Part 1 > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

0
Q

B1 active form

A

TPP

Thiamine Pyrophosphate

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1
Q

B1 name

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

B1 reaction

A

Decarboxylation (-CO2)

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3
Q

B1 Deficiency

A
  • Beri-beri (wet=cardiovascular/dry=PNS, numbness of legs)

- Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (alcohol, psychosis w/ dimentia)

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4
Q

B2 name

A

Riboflavin

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5
Q

B2 active form

A

FAD

flavin-adenine-dinucleotide

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6
Q

B2 reaction

A
  • oxidation/reduction

- dehydrogenase enzyme

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7
Q

B2 deficiency

A
  • Cheilosis
  • Angular stomatosis (cracking on sides)
  • Magenta tongue
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8
Q

B2 is destroyed by _______

A

light

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9
Q

B3 name

A

Niacin

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10
Q

B3 active form

A
  • NAD (nicatinamide)

- NADP (adenine dinucleotide)

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11
Q

B3 reaction

A
  • oxidation/reduction
  • dehydrogenase enzyme
  • same as B2
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12
Q

B3 deficiency

A

Pellagra (dementia, diarrhea, dermatitis, death)

*4 D’s

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13
Q

B3 is synthesized from which amino acid?

A

tryptophan

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14
Q

B5 name

A

pantothenic acid

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15
Q

B5 reaction

A

structural component of coenzyme A (coA)

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16
Q

B5 deficiency

A

burning foot syndrome

think F for five and foot

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17
Q

B5 is destroyed by _______

A

heat

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18
Q

B6 name

A

pyridoxine

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19
Q

B6 reaction

A
  • amino acid metabolism

- transanimations (ketoacidamino acid)

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20
Q

B6 is made by _______

A

gut flora

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21
Q

B7 name

A

Biotin

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22
Q

B7 reaction

A

Carboxylation (+CO2)

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23
Q

B7 is depleted by Avidin, which is found in __________

A

egg whites

24
B7 is made by __________
gut flora
25
B9 name
Folic acid
26
B9 reaction
- methyl transfer (1 carbon transfer) | - DNA & RNA synthesis
27
B9 deficiency
- glossitis (large tongue) - megaloblastic anemia - neural tube defects
28
B12 name
Cobalamin
29
B12 reaction
homocysteine remethylation
30
B12 deficiency
- pernicious anemia (from decreased intrinsic factor) - megaloblastic anemia (from any other cause of B12 def) - Posterior lateral sclerosis
31
B12 contains what mineral?
Cobalt
32
B12 is found in most _____ products
meat products (lacking in vegetarian diets)
33
Vitamin C name
Ascorbic acid
34
Vitamin C function
- hydroxylation of proline & lysine in collagen | - enhances iron absorption
35
Vitamin C deficiency
Scurvy (bleeding gums)
36
Vitamin C is destroyed by _____
heat
37
High sources of vitamin C
- Brussel sprouts *highest - red peppers - citrus
38
Vitamins are co________ and minerals are co_________
Vitamins--> coenzymes | Minerals--> cofactors
39
Vitamin A active form
- Retinoic acid *most active form | - Retinal
40
Vitamin A function
- Vision - Growth - Immune system
41
Vitamin A deficiency
- Nyctolopia (night blindness) - Keratomalacia (degeneration of cornea) - Xerophthalmia (dry eyes)
42
Which vitamins are water soluble?
Vitamins B(all) & C
43
Which vitamins are fat soluble?
Vitamins A, D, E, & K
44
T/F: there is no toxicity associated with water soluble vitamins
True (B/c you pee them out)
45
Vitamin D active form
1,25-dihydroxy-cholecalciferol
46
Vitamin D function
calcium and phosphate metabolism
47
Vitamin D deficiency
- Rickets (children) | - Osteomalacia (adults)
48
What is the difference between essential and non-essential vitamins?
Essential-need to get from diet | Non-essential (body can synthesize)
49
Vitamin E active form
Alpha-tocopherol
50
Vitamin E function
lipid antioxidant
51
Best source of vitamin E
wheat germ oil
52
Other names for Vitamin K
- Hydroquinone | - Menadione
53
Best source of vitamin K
green leafy vegetables
54
Vitamin K functions
- blood clotting | - precursor to coenzyme Q
55
Vitamin K is made by _______
gut flora
56
Which vitamins are made by gut flora?
- B6 - B7 - Vitamin K
57
Vitamin K converts ________ into __________
Converts prothrombin into thrombin

Boards Part 1 (2 decks)

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