Minerals Flashcards
Chromium deficiency
impaired glucose tolerance
Chromium function
- glucose tolerance factor
- helps bind insulin to cell
Cobalt function
constituent of vitamin B12
Cobalt deficiency
pernicious anemia (from decreased intrinsic factor)
Magnesium functions
- binds to ATP
- muscle contraction/relaxation
- protein production
- enzymes
What is the Mg:Ca ratio?
1:2 (Mg:Ca)
Magnesium deficiency
- Hyperexcitability
- Muscle weakness
- Sleepiness
Iodine function
- T3 (Thyroxine)
- T4 (Triiodothyronine)
Iodine deficiency
- cretinism (children)
- goiter or myxedema (adults)
Iron function
Heme enzymes (hemoglobin, cytochromes)
Iron is transported by ________
transferrin
Iron is stored by _________
ferritin
Iron deficiency
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Selenium function
Antioxidant (Glutathione peroxidase)
Zinc function
-Cofactor
-Carbonic anhydrase
(immune system, taste, wound healing, prostate)
Zinc deficiency
impaired wound healing
Fluoride function
increases hardening of teeth
fluoride deficiency
dental caries
