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Blood and nutrition > Vitamins > Flashcards

Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of Vitamin A

A

Boosts immune system, vision and skin health

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2
Q

Sources of Vitamin A

A

Cheese, eggs, oily fish, liver products (very rich)

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3
Q

Vitamin A and pregnancy

A

Teratogenic in pregnancy - avoid

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4
Q

How is isotretinoin linked to vitamin A

A

It is a vitamin A analogue - PPP applies

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5
Q

What Vitamin B deficiency is most common

A

B12

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6
Q

What B vitamin is lacked by alcoholics

A

B1 (thiamine)

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7
Q

What is the treatment of Vitamin B deficiency

A

Thiamine (B1), Riboflavin (B2) and nicotinamide

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8
Q

What is the treatment of Wernickes encephalopathy + Korsakoff’s psychosis

A

IV vitamin B followed by oral thiamine

IV vitamin B can cause serious adverse reactions but this should not put anyone off due to fear of this)

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9
Q

What is the treatment of megaloblastic anaemia

A

Folic acid + B12

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10
Q

What is the treatment of isoniazid and penicillamine SE

A

Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

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11
Q

What is used in association with cytotoxic therapy in megaloblastic anaemia

A

Folinic acid

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12
Q

What can the long term use of pyridoxine cause

A

200mg

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13
Q

What is vitamin C also known as

A

Ascorbic acid

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14
Q

What does vitamin C deficiency lead to

A

Scurvy (bleeding gums)

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15
Q

What is Vitamin C found in

A

Fruits (oranges etc)

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16
Q

What is vitamin C contraindicated in

A

Cardiac dysfunction

17
Q

Where is vitamin D naturally found

A

Sunlight - vital in production of vitamin D

18
Q

What can vitamin D toxicity lead to

A

Hypercalcaemia

19
Q

Who is at risk of vitamin D deficiency

A

Dark skin

Individuals >65 years

No sun exposure e.g. indoors all the time

Pregnant and breastfeeding

Under 4 years

20
Q

What is another name for vitamin E

A

Tocopherol

21
Q

Does vitamin E have any scientific value

A

No

22
Q

Why do we need vitamin K

A

Production of blood clotting factors

Also given to newborn babies if their mothers are on epileptic medications

23
Q

What foods contain vitamin K

A

Green leafy veg

24
Q

What drugs should you be careful in whilst taking vitamin K

A

Caution in taking oral anticoagulants because they antagonise the effects of vitamin K

25
Q

What dose of folic acid is given in pregnancy

A

400mcg up to week 12

5mg and higher for patients with risks of cleft palate, previous births with congenital defects, megaloblastic anaemia

26
Q

When is folic acid given in methotrexate

A

On a day different to methotrexate to reduce SE of methotrexate

27
Q

How can we prevent Vitamin D deficiency

A

Oral supplement of ergocalciferol or calicalciferol

Blood and nutrition (13 decks)

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