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QStream Questions/GI Topics > Vitamin: Names & Deficiencies > Flashcards

Vitamin: Names & Deficiencies Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for B1?

A

Thiamine

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2
Q

What is another name for B2?

A

Riboflavin

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3
Q

What is another name for B3?

A

Niacin

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4
Q

What is another name for B5?

A

Panthothenic acid

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5
Q

What is another name for B6?

A

Pyridoxine

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6
Q

What is another name for B7?

A

Biotin

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7
Q

What is another name for B9?

A

Folate

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8
Q

What is another name for B12?

A

Cobalamin

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9
Q

What is another name for Thiamine?

A

Vitamin B1

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10
Q

What is another name for riboflavin?

A

Vitamin B2

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11
Q

What is another name for Niacin?

A

Vitamin B3

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12
Q

What is another name for Panthothenic acid?

A

Vitamin B5

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13
Q

What is another name for Pyridoxine?

A

Vitamin B6

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14
Q

What is another name for biotin?

A

Vitamin B7

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15
Q

What is another name for folate?

A

Vitamin B9

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16
Q

What is another name for Cobalamin?

A

Vitamin B12 (the LARGEST vitamin by MW (molecular weight))

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17
Q

What is the active form of thiamine?

A

TPP

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18
Q

What is the active form of riboflavin?

A

FAD, FMN

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19
Q

What is the active form of niacin?

A

NAD+

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20
Q

What is the active form of pantothenic acid?

A

CoA

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21
Q

What is the active form of pyridoxine?

A

PLP (According to lecture, pyridoxine is THE vitamin for amino acid metabolism.)

22
Q

What is the active form of folate?

A

THF

23
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin C?

A

Ascorbic acid

24
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin A?

A

Retinol

25
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin D?

A

1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D (activated first in the liver, then in the kidney)

26
Q

What are signs of B1 (thiamine) deficiency?

A

Dry beri beri (nerves), wet beri beri (heart), Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (brain)

27
Q

What are signs of B2 (riboflavin) deficiency?

A

Two C’s: Cheilosis & corneal vascularization;

Others: magenta tongue, angular stomatitis, seborrhea

28
Q

What are signs of B3 (niacin) deficiency?

A

Pellagara: dementia, dermatitis, diarrhea (“Three D’s of niacin deficiency”, the fourth one is death); pigmented rash in sun-exposed areas, memory loss, apathy

29
Q

What are signs of B6 (pyridoxine) deficiency?

A

Seborrhea, glossitis, convulsions, neuropathy, depression, confusion, microcytic anemia

30
Q

What are signs of B9 (folate) deficiency?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, atrophic glossitis, depression, headache, increased homocysteine levels

31
Q

What are signs of B12 (cobalamin) deficiency?

A

Megaloblastic anemia, neuro symptoms (abnl gait, dementia, loss of vibratory/position sense), impotence, loss of bladder/bowel control, increased homocysteine, increased methylmalonic acid

32
Q

What are signs of Vitamin C deficiency?

A

Scurvy: petechia, ecchymosis, coiled hair, inflamed/bleeding gums, joint effusion, saying “yarr” frequently.

33
Q

What are signs of Vitamin A deficiency?

A

Night blindness, squamous metaplasia, bitot spots (keratin buildup in the conjunctiva), keratomalacia

34
Q

What are signs of Vitamin D deficiency?

A

Rickets, osteomalacia, rachitic rosary (rib bumps)

35
Q

What are signs of Vitamin K deficiency?

A

Elevated PT (important in Koagulation). Decreased levels seen in liver disease, newborns, and w/ antibiotic use.

36
Q

What are signs of Zinc deficiency?

A

Rash, anorexia, diarrhea

37
Q

What are signs of Iron deficiency?

A

Hypochromic microcytic anemia

38
Q

What are signs of Iodine deficiency?

A

goiter, hypothyroidism

39
Q

What are signs of Copper deficiency?

A

aka “swayback”. Weakness (myelopathy), periph neuropathy, optical neuropathy, ring sideroblasts (funky blood results, check out Wikipedia or other, more reputable sources)

40
Q

What are signs of Fluoride deficiency?

A

Dental caries

41
Q

What are signs of Selenium deficiency?

A

When combined w/ Coxsackie infection: Keshan dz (congestive cardiomyopathy)

42
Q

What causes Vitamin D deficiency?

A

Aging, lack of sunlight, fat malabsorption, darker-pigmented skin (us pale kids can get the day’s worth of Vitamin D synthesized w/ 15 mins of sun exposure. Fun fact.)

43
Q

What causes Vitamin A deficiency?

A

Fat malabsorption, infection, EtOH, measles, protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).

Too much Vitamin A is TOXIC! (From lecture)

44
Q

What causes thiamine (B1) deficiency?

A

EtOH, chronic diuretic use, hyperemesis (pregnancy, bulimia)

45
Q

What causes folate (B9) deficiency?

A

EtOH, methotrexate, pregnancy

46
Q

What causes riboflavin (B2) deficiency?

A

Other vitamin B deficiencies

47
Q

What causes niacin (B3) deficiency?

A

EtOH, B6/B2 deficiency, tryptophan deficiency

48
Q

What causes pyridoxine (B6) deficiency?

A

EtOH, isoniazid (TB trx)

49
Q

What causes cobalamin (B12) deficiency?

A

Pernicious anemia, chronic vegetarian diet, surgery, acid-reducing drugs, terminal ileal disease (or resection).

50
Q

What causes Vitamin C deficiency?

A

Smoking, EtOH, diet, dialysis, age

51
Q

What are signs of B7 (biotin) deficiency?

A

Occur rarely, if ever.

Infants: hypotonia, lethargy, seizures, apathy, dermatitis, alopecia.

Adults: Brittle nails, depression, paresthesias, hallucinations, anorexia, nausea

52
Q

What causes biotin (B7) deficiency?

A

Consuming too many raw eggs. Avidin binds to biotin and makes it unusable.

(Think: I am avid(in) about my egg consumption, but now I have B7 deficiency!)

QStream Questions/GI Topics (4 decks)

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