Vitamin & Mineral Assessment

Question 1

Folate (B9) Deficiency

Answer 1

macrocytic anemia, diarrhea, glossitis, lethargy, and stomatitis

Question 2

Niacin (B5) Deficiency

Answer 2

pellegra, dermatitis, dementia, loss of memory, headaches, glossitis

Question 3

Niacin (B5) Toxicity

Answer 3

liver damage, vascular dilation, flushing, irritation

Question 4

Folate (B9) Toxicity

Answer 4

none known

Question 5

Cyanocobalamin (B12) Deficiency

Answer 5

pernicious anemia, glossitis, spinal cord degeneration, and peripheral neuropathy

Question 6

Cyanocobalamin (B12) Toxicity

Answer 6

none known

Question 7

Thiamin (B1) Deficiency

Answer 7

beriberi, paresthesias, nystagmus, impaired memory, congestive heart failure, lactic acidosis, and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Question 8

Thiamin (B1) Toxicity

Answer 8

(rare) irritability, headache, insomnia, and interference with B2 and B6

Question 9

Riboflavin (B2) Deficiency

Answer 9

mucositis, dermatitis, cheilosis, vascularization of cornea, photophobia, lacrimation, decreased vision, impaired wound healing, and normocytic anemia

Question 10

Riboflavin (B2) Toxicity

Answer 10

none known

Question 11

Pyridoxine (B6) Deficiency

Answer 11

dermatitis, neuritis, convulsions, and microcytic anemia

Question 12

Pyridoxine (B6) Toxicity

Answer 12

none known

Question 13

Pantothenic Acid (B3) Deficiency

Answer 13

fatigue, malaise, headache, insomnia, vomiting, and abdominal cramps

Question 14

Pantothenic Acid (B3) Toxicity

Answer 14

diarrhea

Question 15

Biotin Deficiency

Answer 15

dermatitis, depression, alopecia, lassitude, somnolence, anorexia and paresthesias

Question 16

Biotin Toxicity

Answer 16

none known

Question 17

Ascorbic Acid (C) Deficiency

Answer 17

enlargement and keratosis of hair follicles, impaired wound healing, anemia, lethargy, depression, bleeding and ecchymosis

Question 18

Ascorbic Acid (C) Toxicity

Answer 18

osmotic diarrhea, oxalate, kidney stones, and interference with anticoagulation therapy

Question 19

Vitamin A Deficiency

Answer 19

dermatitis, night blindness, keratomalacia, and xerophthalmia

Question 20

Vitamin A Toxicity

Answer 20

Acute: nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness
Chronic: peeling skin, gingivitis, and alopecia

Question 21

Vitamin D Deficiency

Answer 21

rickets, osteomalacia, and muscle weakness

Question 22

Vitamin D Toxicity

Answer 22

excess bone and soft tissue calcification, kidney stones, and hypercalcemia

Question 23

Vitamin E Deficiency

Answer 23

hemolysis, anemia, neuronal axonopathy, and myopathy

Question 24

Vitamin E Toxicity

Answer 24

prolonged clotting time

Question 25

Vitamin K Deficiency

Answer 25

bleeding, purpura, and bruising

Question 26

Vitamin K Toxicity

Answer 26

jaundice

Question 27

Zinc Deficiency

Answer 27

dermatitis, hypogeusia, diarrhea, apathy, depression, impaired wound healing, immunosuppression

Question 28

Zinc Toxicity

Answer 28

nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, chills, headache

Question 29

Copper Deficiency

Answer 29

neutropenia, microcytic anemia, osteoporosis decreased hair and skin pigmentation, dermatitis, hypotonia

Question 30

Copper Toxicity

Answer 30

nausea, vomiting, epigastric pain, diarrhea

Question 31

Chromium Deficiency

Answer 31

glucose intolerance, peripheral neuropathy, increased serum cholesterol and triglyceride, insulin resistance

Question 32

Chromium Toxicity

Answer 32

none known

Question 33

Manganese Deficiency

Answer 33

nausea, vomiting, dermatitis, color changes in hair, hypocholesterolemia, growth retardation

Question 34

Manganese Toxicity

Answer 34

parkinsonian and extrapyramidal symptoms, encephalitis-like symptoms

Question 35

Selenium Deficiency

Answer 35

muscle weakness and pain, cardiomyopathy

Question 36

Selenium Toxicity

Answer 36

hair loss, dermatitis, garlic odor, brittle nails

Question 37

Molybdenum Deficiency

Answer 37

tachycardia, tachypnea, altered mental status, vision changes, headache, nausea, vomiting

Question 38

Molybdenum Toxicity

Answer 38

increased copper excretion

Question 39

Iodine Deficiency

Answer 39

hyperplasia of thyroid, goiter, reduced metabolic rate, hypercholesterolemia

Question 40

Iodine Toxicity

Answer 40

rhinorrhea, headache, parotitis, acne, serum sickness