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Nutrient Metabolism > Vitamin K > Flashcards

Vitamin K Flashcards

1
Q

What is Vitamin K “claim to fame”

A

Coagulation (blood clotting)

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2
Q

What is the synthetic form of Vitamin K

A

Menadione (K2)

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3
Q

What is the plant source of Vitamin K

A

Phylloquinone (K1)

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4
Q

What is the animal source of Vitamin K

A

Menaquinone-7 (MK-7)

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5
Q

What source of Vitamin K is synthesized by gut bacteria in the colon

A

Menaquinone-7 (MK-7)

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6
Q

What is the mechanism Vitamin K is involved in

A

Post-translational modification of protein

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7
Q

Vitamin K is a cofactor for what enzyme (involved in protein modification)

A

glutamyl carboxylase

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8
Q

What is the function of the enzyme Glutamyl carboxylase

A

Adds a carbon compound to the protein (carboxylates protein)

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9
Q

What is the active form of Vitamin K

A

Vitamin K quinone/Dihydroquinone

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10
Q

What is the inactive form of Vitamin K

A

Vitamin K 2,3 epoxide

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11
Q

What is the relationship between Vitamin K and bones

A

Cofactor for Osteocalcin (carboxylation)

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12
Q

What clotting factors bind to Calcium in order to be active

A

II, VII, IX and X

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13
Q

What clotting factor requires carboxylation to bind to Calcium

A

Factor II

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14
Q

What clotting factor requires Vitamin K

A

Factor II

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15
Q

What is being formed during blood clotting (cascading series of reactions)

A

Fibrinogen

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16
Q

What is Warfarin

A

Anticoagulant medication; “blood thinner”; reduces clotting quality of blood

17
Q

Which enzymes convert Vitamin K 2,3 epoxide back to active form

A

Epoxide reductase and Quinone reductase

18
Q

How does anticoagulant reduce blood clotting

A

Inhibits 2 reductases that convert Vitamin K to active form

19
Q

What is Vitamin K intake for person taking anticoagulant

A

Constant/consistent intake; drug titrated according to intake

20
Q

What is the UL for Vitamin K

A

None

21
Q

What is the RDA for Vitamin K

A

120ug

22
Q

What are food sources of Vitamin K

A

Brussel sprouts (cruciferous vegetables). leafy greens, white beans, asparagus

23
Q

What is the concern for newborns and Vitamin K? Why?

A

Hemorrhagic disease; Born with little Vitamin K, given injection immediately until can produce in gut/intake in diet (10-12days)

Nutrient Metabolism (7 decks)

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