Vitamin K

Question 1

Types of VK

Answer 1

Phylloquinone
Menaquinone
Menadione

Question 2

Ratio between VK1 and MK

Answer 2

1:10

Question 3

Function of VK

Answer 3

protein-glu –(carboxylation)–> protein gla

Question 4

Vitamin K cycle

Answer 4

The reduced form of VK (co-factor) as a carboxlyase for the reaction protein-glu —> protein-gla. Then oxidized VK gets reduced by VKOR.

Question 5

Warfarin blocks…?

Answer 5

K=O —> KH2

essentially blocks VKOR

Question 6

Cycle to damage to clotting

Answer 6

damage causes factor 7 to activate. Factor 7 activates factor 10, which activates prothrombin to thrombin. Thrombin is needed for the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Fibrin is needed for clotting.

Question 7

Osteocalcin

Answer 7

• VK dependent Gla protein
• made from osteoblasts
• 100% carboxylated

Question 8

Reduces uncarboxylated osteocalcin?

Answer 8

VK supplements

Question 9

VK and aterial calcification

Answer 9

warfarin + PK –> doesn’t stop calcification

warfarin +MK –> stop calcification

Question 10

Why is PK—>MK in the brain?

Answer 10

meanquinone prevents calcification

Question 11

Catabolism of VK

Answer 11

the nonpolar molecule is broken down in to polar molecules to be excreted