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Nursing 130 > Vitals > Flashcards

Vitals Flashcards

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1
Q

Normal pulse rate

A

Adolescents and adults 60/100 beats per min

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2
Q

Tachycardia

A

100-180 beats per min

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3
Q

Factors contributing to tachycardia

A 
Decrease in BP 
Pain
Condition resulting in poor oxygenation of blood (shock, heart failure, hemorrhage) 
Fever
Hyperthyroidism 
Exercise 
Strong emotions
medications
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4
Q

Bradycardia

A

Pulse rate below 60 beats per min

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5
Q

Sinus bradycardia

A

Slowing of the heart rate while also strengthening the force of contraction to the increase cardiac output

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6
Q

Nurse should immediately report bradycardia when patient

A 
Difficult breathing
Changes in level of consciousness 
Decreased BP
ECG changes 
Angina
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7
Q

Pulse amplitudes

A

0 absent, unstable
+1 diminished weaker than expected
+2 beisk, normal
+3 bounding

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8
Q

Dysrhythmia

A

Irregular pattern of heart beats

Report immediately

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9
Q

Normal respiratory rates

A

12-20 per min

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10
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal respiration

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11
Q

Tachypnea

A

Increase in respiratory rate

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12
Q

Bradypnea

A

Decrease in respiratory rate

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13
Q

Apnea

A

Periods where there is no breathing

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14
Q

Dyspnea

A

Difficult of labored breathing

Rapid shallow respirations & appears anxious

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15
Q

Orthopnea

A

Condition in which ppl w/ dyspnea breath easier in sitting upright position

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16
Q

What to look for in respiration

A

Respiratory rate
Depth
Rhythm
Oxygenation of blood

17
Q

Blood pressure

A

Force of moving blood against arterial walls

18
Q

How is a cardiac output determined?

A

Stroke volume x heart rate

19
Q

What increases BP

A

Increased cardiac output

20
Q

What decreases BP

A

Weak contraction of the heart w/ decrease CO

21
Q

Epinephrine

A

Sympathetic neurotransmitter released from adrenal gland to INCREASE heart rate & contractility = increasing CO

22
Q

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

A

Cause vasoconstriction in arteriales through angiotensinogen II

INCREASES sodium & water retention by kidneys to INCREASE circulatory fluid volume INCREASING BP long term

23
Q

Vasopressin

A

Antidiuretic hormone ADH released from posterior pituitary by decreased blood volume & BP by increase of concentration of body fluids

Has direct vasoconstriction effect on blood vessels increasing peripheral resistance

24
Q

Factors affecting BP

A 
Age
Circadian rhythm 
Gender
Food intake
Exercise 
Weight 
Emotional state
Body position 
Race 
Drugs/meds
25
Q

Normal blood pressures

A

Around 120 systolic AND 80 diastolic

Hypertension 140 and over(systolic) or 90 and over (diastolic)

26
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

Decrease in systolic BP of 20mmhg or decrease in diastolic BP of 10mmhg witching 3 min of standing compared to BP from sitting of supine position

27
Q

Nursing interventions for tachycardia

A

Monitor for pain, anxiety, restlessness, fatigue, low BP, low O2 saturation

Monitor for potential adverse effects of meds

Prevent injury

28
Q

Bradycardia factors

A 
Long term physical fitness
Hypothermia
Medications
Changing positions 
Chronic severe pain
Hypothyroidism 
Relaxation
29
Q

Nursing interventions for bradycardia

A

Monitor for hypotension, chest pain, syncope, diaphoresis, dyspnea, & altered mental state

Monitor for potential effects

Prevent injury

30
Q

Assessment of respiration’s includes;

A

Rate # of full inspirations and expirations in 1 min.

Depth amount of chest wall expansion in each breath

Rhythm observation of breathing intervals

31
Q

Considerations of respirations

A 
Age
Sex 
Anxiety
Smoking 
Body position
Medications 
Neurological injury to brainstem
Illnesses
Impaired oxygen carrying capacity of the blood
32
Q

Normal BP

A

Systolic of < 120
And
Diastolic of < 80

33
Q

Prehypertension

A

Systolic of 120 - 139
Or
Diastolic of 80-89

34
Q

Stage 1 hypertension

A

Systolic of 140-159
Or
Diastolic 90-99

35
Q

Stage 2 hypertension

A

Systolic > 160
Or
Diastolic > 100

36
Q

How do you determine whether BP is normal, prehypertension, or hypertension?

A

Base it off highest reading of two numbers and then categorize it

37
Q

Considerations of blood pressure

A 
Age 
Circadian rhythms
Stress
Ethnicity 
Sex
Medications 
Exercise 
Exercise 
Obesity 
Family history

Nursing 130 (5 decks)

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