Oxygenation & Perfusion Flashcards
Hypoxemia def & examples
Decreased O2 saturation
Ex. Confusion, pallor, rapid breathing, increased heart rate
Dyspnea def & examples
Difficulty breathing
Ex. Decreased activity tolerance, SOB, anxiety, using of accessory muscles(nose flaring), difficulty talking
Tachypnea definition & examples
RR>24
Ex. Increased heart rate, increased breathing, shallow breathing, sweating
Bradypnea defintion & examples
RR <10
Ex. Cool extremities, lethargic, pallor
Orthopnea def & example
Difficulty breathing when laying down
Ex. Difficulty breathing when head goes down
Apnea
Absence of breathing
Oxygenation assessment questions
Are you having difficulty breathing? Do you feel SOB? Are you having chest pain ? Coughing? Sputum production? Nocturnal diaphoresis(difficulty breathing at night)? Do you feel fatigue or tired all the time? Do you sleep with 2 or more pillows? Do you have any allergies? What medications are you taking? What’s your medical history? Do you smoke? What’s your lifestyle and activity level like? Do you have any stressors? Have you had any recent exposures
What is clubbing & what it is related to?
Curving of nail beds
It’s a sign of chronic hypoxemia in COPD and emphysema patients
Cyanosis
Blue shade of color in skin
Late sign of hypoxemia
Usually on lips, fingers, toes
Euboea breathing rhythm
Normal rate and rhythm and symmetrical
Cheyenne strokes rhythm
Rate and depth gradually increases then decreases with periods of apnea
Kussmaul’s
Abnormal increase in rate and depth of respirations, deep and rapid
Blot’s
Shallow breathing with periods of apnea
What does it mean if you see retractions above by the neck and collarbone
There is an obstruction of the airway
Normal breath sounds
Vesicular
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
