Vitals

Question 1

What to measure for vitals (6):

Answer 1

• temperature - heart rate - blood pressure - respiratory rate - oxygen saturation - pain

Question 2

vital signs provide quantitative measures of the status of the ___________ system and reflect the function of ________.

Answer 2

• cardiovascular/pulmonary - internal organs

Question 3

Vitals can be used to establish (5):

Answer 3

• baseline measurement - prognosis - appropriate level of exercise - treatment effectiveness - need for further work up or referral

Question 4

5 factors that affect vitals:

Answer 4

• level or amount of physical activity - environmental temperature - age - emotional status - physiological status

Question 5

Observation: Things to watch for:

Answer 5

• facial expression - general appearance - any signs of distress

Question 6

Body Temperature sites: ____, _____, _____, _____, ____ equipment: ______, _____ normal:

Answer 6

Body Temperature sites: oral, rectal, axillary, temporal, ear equipment: electronic (oral, temporal, ear), mercury normal: body - 96.8-99.3, rectal - 97.8-100.3

Question 7

What can affect temperature? (8)

Answer 7

• time of day - age - environment - activity - emotions - site taken - infection - menstrual cycle - using different methods for measurement

Question 8

Temperature deviations (3):

Answer 8

• fever >98.6 - pyrexic > 100.0 - hyperpyrexic > 106.0

Question 9

______ creates palpable pressure in arteries

Answer 9

diastole

Question 10

normal ranges: - adult - newborn - child

Answer 10

adult: 60-100 bpm newborn: 100-150 bpm child: 70-130 bpm

Question 11

HR deviations (5):

Answer 11

regular, irregular, thready, tachy, bradycardia

Question 12

HR locations (5):

Answer 12

• radial - brachial - femoral - carotid - temporal

Question 13

• pulse decreases with activity - pulse doesn’t increase with activity - pulse rate doesn’t plateau - pulse doesn’t decline with decrease in activity - pulse declines with activity increasing - pulse rate increase is not proportional to activity - irregular pulse

Answer 13

Abnormal pulse responses and action

Question 14

measures oxygen saturation in the blood

Answer 14

pulse oximetry

Question 15

What can affect oxygen saturation?

Answer 15

altitude and temperature

Question 16

low circulation oxygen levels

Answer 16

hypoxemia

Question 17

low oxygen in the tissues despite adequate perfusion

Answer 17

hypoxia

Question 18

reflection of cardiac output, peripheral vascular resistance, hemodynamic factors

Answer 18

blood pressure

Question 19

BP: systole

Answer 19

left ventricle contraction

Question 20

BP: Diastole

Answer 20

relaxation/filling left ventricle-resistance in aorta during ventricular relaxation

Question 21

BP cautions: (3)

Answer 21

• avoid contraction of UE muscles during measurement - appropriate size - repeating measurement too soon

Question 22

the average pressure that occurs during a single cardiac cycle (diastole and systole)

Answer 22

Mean Arterial Pressure MAP

Question 23

there are _#_ stages of HTN

Answer 23

4

Question 24

prehypertension =

Answer 24

120-139/80-9

Question 25

Stages of HTN: stage I stage II stage III stage IV

Answer 25

stage I: 140-159/90-99 stage II: 160-179/100-109 stage III: 180-209/110-119 stage IV: >210/>120

Question 26

respiratory rate adult: infant: deviations:

Answer 26

adult: 12-18 resp/min infant: 30-50 resp/min deviations: rate, rhythm, depth, character, dyspnea, orthopnea, apnea

Question 27

Resp rate assessment sites:

Answer 27

• thorax - abdomen

Question 28

Answer 28

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

Answer 31