Vital Statistics and Global Health Indicators

Question 1

What is routine data

Answer 1

• Collected from whole population for reason other than research
  o Births, deaths, socioeconomic etc

Question 2

Strengths of routine data

Answer 2

o Big sample
o Whole population
o Develop hypothesis
o Baseline data

Question 3

Weaknesses of routine data

Answer 3

o Limited variables
o Data quality – completeness and accuracy
o No researcher input

Question 4

How to evaluate data

Answer 4

• CART
  o Completeness
  o Accuracy
  o Representativeness
  o Timeliness
• Other key issues to consider PACO
  o Precision
  o Accessibility
  o Confidentiality
  o Original purpose

Question 5

Bias in routine data

Answer 5

• Selection
  o Systemic exclusion of population group
• Information
  o Self-reported data systemically over or under reports
  o Due to non-standardisation of variables

Question 6

What are vital statistics

Answer 6

• Data collected by government agencies about country about vital events
• Allow the planning of services and public health interventions

Question 7

Formula crude birth rate

Answer 7

Crude birth rate = (live birth rates during time period/total population at mid point same time period) x 1000

Question 8

Formula fertility rate

Answer 8

Fertility rate = (number of live births in time period / number of woman aged 15-44 in time period) x 1000

Question 9

What is total fertility rate

Answer 9

• Estimates amount of children a hypothetical cohort of 1000 females in population would bear if all went through childbearing years experiencing same age specific birth rates for specified time period

Question 10

Formula total fertility rate

Answer 10

• TFR = sum of age specific birth rates during time period x 5

Question 11

Formula crude mortality rate

Answer 11

Crude mortality rate = (number of deaths in time period / population at mid point time period) x 1000

Question 12

Formula infant mortality rate

Answer 12

Infant mortality rate = (number of deaths <1y in time period / number of live births during same period) x 1000

Question 13

Formula maternal mortality rate

Answer 13

Maternal mortality rate = (number of maternal deaths in time period / total number woman of reproductive age) x 100,000

Question 14

Formula maternal mortality ratio (MMR)

Answer 14

Maternal morality ratio (MMR) = (number maternal deaths in time period / total number of live births in same period) x 100,000

Question 15

3 types of population pyramids

Answer 15

• Graph that shows age-sex distribution of population
• Expansive/stationary/constrictive