Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Fund. Clinical Medicine > Vital Signs_Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Vital Signs_Blood Pressure Flashcards

Using blood pressure in forming diagnosis of patient

1
Q

systolic blood pressure

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What effect BPsys

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How would Systolic hypertension of the elderly present

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is diastole BP

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What effects BPdia

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mean arterial pressure

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Blood pressure does not remain constant throughout the day.

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diastolic BP Variation during exercise

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Systolic BP changes during exercise

Normal and Abnormal

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Que es Pulse Pressure

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Que es Wide Pulse Pressure

A

is greater than 60 mm Hg or greater than 50% of BPsys.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What diseases/ diagnosis? can patients with Wide Pulse Pressures have?

A
  • Essential hypertension
  • High cardiac output
  • Chronic aortic regurgitation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Essential hypertension

A

Essential hypertension is the most common cause for a wide pulse pressure.

  • Can usually assume genetic and environmental factors appear to be important in the genesis of essential hypertension.
  • Essential hypertension almost always begins between the ages of 35 and 55
  • Patients with long standing essential hypertension should be assessed for the signs of end-organ damage.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

High cardiac output

A

states such as anemia, hyperthyroidism, pregnancy and fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Chronic aortic regurgitation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Narrow Pulse Pressure

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What diseases/probles does Narrow Pulse Pressure cue to??

A
  • Aortic Stenosis
  • left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CHF) clinical congestive heart failure
18
Q

Aortic Stenosis

A
19
Q

left ventricular systolic dysfunction (CHF)

A
20
Q

Hypertension

  • Normal
  • Elevated
  • Stage 1 Hypertension
  • Stage 2 Hypertension
A

*

21
Q

The diagnosis of hypertension can be made in the following situations:

A

a. A BP over 160/100 with evidence of target end organ damage.
b. A BP over 130/80 verified by:
* Automated ambulatory BP monitoring is the current gold

standard for the diagnosis of hypertension.

  • Home blood pressure monitoring twice a day for seven days

with an average BP over 130/80.

  • BP measured on at least two separate office visits over the

course of a week.

  • Blood Pressure should be recorded for each arm; the arm

with the higher number should be used for subsequent

measurements.

22
Q

Automated ambulatory BP technique

A
23
Q

Home blood pressure monitoring technique

A
24
Q

BP measured on office visits technique

A
25
Q

secondary causes for hypertension (When hypertension begins outside of age range,)

A

Organ Damage

causes for hypertension (adrenal tumors and vascular occlusion) must be considered.

26
Q

Patients with long standing essential hypertension should be assessed for the signs of end-organ damage.

A
27
Q

Hypotension - Como se dice

A
  • systolic blood pressure is less than 90 mm Hg

and/or

  • diastolic blood pressure is less than 60 mm Hg.
28
Q

Que es el causes of Hypotension

A
  • Reduced cardiac function (myocardial infarction or valvular

disease)

  • Obstruction to ventricular filling (tamponade or pulmonary emboli)
  • Decreased intravascular volume (blood loss or fluid loss)
  • Excessive vasodilation (microbial sepsis or drugs)
29
Q

Reduced cardiac function

A
  • myocardial infarction
  • valvular disease
30
Q

Obstruction to ventricular filling

A
  • tamponade
  • pulmonary emboli
    *
31
Q

Decreased intravascular volume

A
  • blood loss
  • fluid loss
  • vomitting
  • diareha
  • low blood pressure when they sit up
32
Q

Orthostatic hypotension (postural hypotension)

A
  • decrease in systolic blood pressure by 20 mm Hg or more with standing
  • orthostatic hypotension occurs in 10% of normal people younger than age 65 and in as many as 30% of people older than 65.
  • Blood pressure should not be measured until the patient has been standing for one minute after arising from a supine position.
33
Q

How to diagnose Orthostatic hypotension (postural hypotension)

A
  • best determined by noting the effect that the drop in blood pressure has on the patient and the patient’s pulse rate.
  • When the patient is unable to stand because of the drop in pressure

or

  • when the drop in pressure is accompanied by an increase in pulse rate of 30 beats per minute or more, there is a high likelihood that there has been a large decrease in intravascular volume.

or

  • When the drop in pressure is unaccompanied by an inability to stand or a 30 beats/min increase in pulse rate, postural hypotension has little diagnostic value
    • In this regard, postural hypotension may represent failure of the sympathetic nervous system (diabetic autonomic neuropathy) to respond to the 500 mls of blood that normally shift to the lower body with standing; or may reflect nothing more than a common occurrence inotherwise healthy people.
34
Q

why does systolic bp fall and dia BP rise when standin up after being supine

A

blood rushes to pool in the lower extermities miking the stroke volume decrease because the venous returns drops because the blood has gravity working to make it pool. The sympathetic nervous system get invovled and increasest the HR (CO=HR*SV) to compinsate for the dreace in stroke volume and the SNS also affects vasocontriction to increase which in turn causes increase resistance which increase BPdia.

35
Q

Systolic blood pressure during inspiration

A

Systolic blood pressure may decrease by as much as 12 mm Hg during inspiration. The average decrease for normal adults is 6 mm Hg (±3).

The inspiratory drop in blood pressure also relates to changes in pressure across the myocardial wall that occur in response to cyclic alterations of the intra-thoracic pressure during breathing.

36
Q

This inspiratory drop in blood pressure may result from pooling of blood in the right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary circulation, thereby decreasing the amount of blood available to the left ventricle for ejection.

A
37
Q

The inspiratory drop in blood pressure also relates to changes in pressure across the myocardial wall that occur in response to cyclic alterations of the intra-thoracic pressure during breathing.

A
38
Q

paradoxical pulse

A
  • pericardial tamponade
  • bronchospasm (asthma).

A paradoxical pulse is an abnormal finding that exists when there is an inspiratory decrease in systolic blood pressure by more than 12 mm Hg (the upper 95% confidence interval for inspiratory decline in normal people). Paradoxical pulse occurs in 98% of patients with pericardial tamponade and in more than 50% of patients with severe bronchospasm (asthma).

39
Q

pericardial tamponade

A
40
Q

asthma

A
41
Q

Bifid

A

HOCM

42
Q
A

Fund. Clinical Medicine (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions