Vital Signs- Chapter 37 Flashcards
afrebrile
has a body temperature within the patient’s normal range
apnea
the absence of respiration
auscultated blood pressure
precise BP measurement obtained by using the sphygmomanometer with a stethoscope to amplify the heart sounds
BMI
height to weight ratio
hyperpyrexia
exceptionally high fever
rales
crackling sounds indicate fluid in the lung & can be heard in patients
rhonchi
deep snoring or rattling sounds
hyperpnea
abnormally rapid, deep, or labored breathing
tachycardia
abnormally fast pulse
hypertension
high blood pressure
hypotension
low blood pressure
sphygmomanometer
instrument that measures blood pressure
orthostatic/postural hypotension
BP lowers more than 20 points & pulse increases more than 10 BPM as patient moves from lying to sitting or standing; usually caused by fluid loss or cardiovascular malfunction (vomiting, diarrhea, prolonged bed rest)
palpatory method
represents target peak inflation; provides an approximation of the systolic BP to ensure an adequate level of inflation when the actual measurement is made
positive tilt test
BP lowers more than 20 points & pulse increases more than 10 BPM while taking orthostatic vitals
rales
crackling sounds indicate fluid in the lung & can be heard in patients w/ pneumonia, atelectasis, pulmonary edema
rhonchi
deep snoring or rattling sounds heard with asthma, acute bronchitis, or anything associated with partial airway obstruction
Korotkoff sounds
sounds made from the pressure change in the cuff during BP measurements (5 phases: first tapping/systolic, strong beat changes to softer swishing sound, crisp tapping sound resumes, sound becomes muffled, sound disappears/diastolic BP)
tachypnea
rapid breathing
