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Nursing 101 Lecture > Vital signs Chapter 24 Lecture and text > Flashcards

Vital signs Chapter 24 Lecture and text Flashcards

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1
Q

What is often considered the 5th vital sign?

A

Pain

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2
Q

What are Vital Signs indicators of?

list 3 things

A 
Indicator of...
* health status
* effectiveness of body functions
* change in physiologic function
also provides baseline data
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3
Q

When should vital signs be taken?

A

when at rest

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4
Q

What do you need to be sure to identify about vital signs?

A

when readings are above normal, below normal and have changed from previous measurements

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5
Q

What is the acceptable temperature range for an adult?

F and C

A

36 - 38 degrees C

96.8 - 100.4 degrees F

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6
Q

Give the Average adult temperature for oral/tympanic

A

37 degrees C

98.6 degree F

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7
Q

What is the Average adult temperature rectally?

A
  1. 5 degrees C

99. 5 degrees F

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8
Q

Average adult temperature Axillary ?

A
  1. 5 degrees C

97. 7 degrees F

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9
Q

What is the acceptable range for an adults Pulse ?

A

60-100 bpm

same for adolescents and adults

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10
Q

Give the adult range for respirations

A

12 - 20 breaths per minute

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11
Q

What is the ideal adult Blood Pressure

A

< 120/80 mm Hg

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12
Q

What is the acceptable range for pulse pressure for adults?

A

30 - 50 mm Hg

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13
Q

Name the part of the brain that’s responsible for the regulation of temperature

A

Hypothalamus

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14
Q

What is body temperature technically?

formula

A

heat produced - heat lost = Body temperature

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15
Q

What is core temperature?

A

temperature of deep tissues

stays relatively constant

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16
Q

What is our primary source of heat?

A

Metabolism

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17
Q

List three things that increase metabolism

A

Hormones
muscle movements
exercise

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18
Q

What two hormones are released when additional heat is required?

A
  • Epinephrine
  • Norepinephrine
    (they alter metabolism)
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19
Q

Thyroid hormone and shivering also ________ heat production

A

increase

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20
Q

Name 4 ways our bodies have normal heat loss

A
  • Radiation
  • Conduction
  • Convection
  • Evaporation
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21
Q

List the 4 factors from Lecture affecting temperature

A
  • Age and Gender
  • Circadian Rhythm
  • Hormones
  • Environmental Temperatures
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22
Q

What do these stand for?
TPR
BP

A

Temperature, Pulse, Respiration

Blood Pressure

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23
Q

If blood pressure is high, what are the vessels doing?

A

they are constricted

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24
Q

You need to know the baseline so that you have a point of comparison, just incase what happens?

A

there’s a change in physiologic function

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25
Q

When you are assessing a patient to compare their vital signs to “ Normal “ , what is normal?

A

the numbers that are your patients Normal

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26
Q

A fever within range means what?

A

your body is fighting off an infection

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27
Q

What is responsible for setting the bodie’s Set Point?

A

Hypothalamus

28
Q

Criticore Foley is used to get a core temp second by second, what type of equipment is being used?

A

catheter

29
Q

Febrile?

Afebrile?

A

with fever

without fever

30
Q

What is the Window of opportunity?

A

A time frame where you can diagnose and figure out what’s going on before it get’s out of hand

31
Q

pan culture?

A

all cultures across the board

32
Q

sepsis leads to ======>

A

septic shock

33
Q

what are antipyretics?

A

fever reducer

tylenol (aceteminophen)

34
Q

If a patient has a fever do we want to give them more clothes and covers or get them naked (less clothing)?

A

get them naked (less clothing) to cool them down

35
Q

You need to reduce physical activity of your patient if they have a fever.
true or false?

A

true

36
Q

If you take a pulse below the waist, what are you looking for?

A

checking to make sure you even have one

not common to do them unless you aren’t finding one in the common spots

37
Q

What are you checking when you check a pulse?

A

for Cardiac Output (CO)

38
Q

How many bpm is considered bradycardic (bradycardia)?

A

60 bpm or less

39
Q

How many bpm is considered tachycardic? (tachycardia)

A

100 - 150 bpm

40
Q

What is the medical term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli of the lungs and circulating blood?

A

Diffusion

41
Q

What is the medical term for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and tissues (tissue cells)

A

Perfusion

42
Q

list the things that can affect respiration

A
  • Exercise
  • Pain
  • Anxiety
  • Smoking
  • Body Position
  • Medications
  • Neurological injury
43
Q

Give the normal range for Oxygen Saturation

A

95%-100%

44
Q

What can give you a false Oxygen Saturation read?

list of 5 things

A
  • Anemia
  • Outside Light
  • Nail polish
  • impeding blood flow
  • tremors
45
Q

Give 7 factors that influence blood pressure

A
  • Age
  • Stress
  • Ethnicity
  • Gender
  • Medication
  • Activity and Weight
  • Smoking
46
Q

Most common way to measure Blood Pressure?

A

Ausculation

47
Q

give an example of a non-invasive way to take a pulse

A

arterial line

48
Q

If your patient is coding, which location would you go to to get a pulse?

A

femoral

49
Q

Where do you want the patients arm in order to take their Blood Pressure?

A

heart level

50
Q

What is orthostatic hypotension?

A

Difference in BP between lying down, sitting, and standing

51
Q

What does Heavy ETOH consumption mean?

A

heavy drinker
(alcoholic)
ET= Ethyl
OH= alcohol

52
Q

Why do you get dizzy and feel like you may pass out when you stand up too fast after sleeping all night?

A

fluid (blood) needs to redistribute

53
Q

If someone pinches you, what type of pain is that?

A

Cutaneous

skin deep

54
Q

If you have bone cancer, what type of pain are you most likely feeling?

A

Somatic

Bone, muscular, etc

55
Q

What type of pain is organ pain?

A

Visceral

56
Q

What is Referred pain?

A

starts at one place and moves to another

example: when men have a heart attack

57
Q

If you are anxious, do things hurt more?

A

yes

58
Q

List some nonverbal behaviors associated with chronic pain

A
  • Bracing
  • Rubbing
  • Sighing
  • Change in appetite
59
Q

What do the letters PQRSTU stand for having to do with Assessment Questions

A

Palliative or Provacative
Quality (description of pain)
Region or Radiation (where does it hurt, stay or spread)
Severity (0-10 scale)
Timing (constant, intermittent or both)
Understand (effect of pain on the individual)

60
Q

Alzheimers patients can’t verbalize that they are in pain.

true or false?

A

true

61
Q

What does PAINAD stand for?

a scale used for patients that can’t verbalize they are in pain

A

Pain Assessment in Advanced Dimensia

62
Q

What do opioids cause ?

A
  • Constipation

* central nervous system depressant (CNS)

63
Q

Corticosteroids are used in conjunction with what type of pain med therapy sometimes?

A

opioids

64
Q

Define convection in relation to body heat loss.

A

Convection is when air or water flowing by the skin carry away body heat

65
Q

Define Radiation in relation to body heat loss.

A

the heat generated from within the body is given off to the surrounding atmosphere

66
Q

Define Evaporation in relation to body heat loss.

A

When you sweat or your skin or clothing gets wet, the evaporation of that liquid promotes heat loss

67
Q

Define Conduction in relation to body heat loss.

A

The body conducts heat to whatever the skin is in direct contact with.

Nursing 101 Lecture (8 decks)

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