Vital Signs Flashcards
vital signs also called ________ signs
vital signs also called CARDINAL SIGNS
are measurements of the body’s most basic functions
vital signs
4 main vital signs
body temperature
pulse rate
respiration rate
blood pressure
it is not considered as a vital sign but is often measured along with the vital signs
blood pressure
are useful in detecting or monitoring medical problems
vital signs
a ___________ ______ is not required for vital signs to be measured
a PHYSICIAN’S ORDER is not required for vital signs to be measured
Unless ___________ _______ is present to do so, vital signs should be taken by the RADIOGRAPHER when a patient is brought into the diagnostic imaging department for invasive diagnostic procedure or treatment, before and after the patient receives medication, or anytime the patient’s general condition suddenly changes
Unless REGISTERED NURSE is present to do so, vital signs should be taken by the RADIOGRAPHER when a patient is brought into the diagnostic imaging department for invasive diagnostic procedure or treatment, before and after the patient receives medication, or anytime the patient’s general condition suddenly changes
is controlled by a small structure in the basal region of the diencephalon of the brain called the hypothalamus, sometimes referred to as the body’s thermostat
body temperature
when body’s metabolism increases, more ____ is produced
when body’s metabolism increases, more HEAT is produced
a patient whose body temperature is elevated above normal limits is said to have a fever or,
____________
a patient whose body temperature is elevated above normal limits is said to have a fever or,
PYREXIA
5 areas of the body in which temperature is usually measured
oral
tympanic
rectal
axillary
skin
is a small, hand held device that measures the temperature of the blood vessels in the tympanic membrane of the ear
tympanic membrane thermometer or aural thermometer
the probe is under the tongue and held in place until the instrument signals that is has registered temperature
oral temperature
safest method of measuring body temperature because it is non-invasive
axillary thermometer
considered to provide the most reliable measurement of the body temperature because factors that can alter the results are minimized
rectal thermometer
it is place on the abdomen or forehead of infants or children to measure temperature
temperature sensitive patches
as the heart beats, blood is pumped in a pulsating fashion into the arteries. This results in a throb, or pulsation, of the artery
pulse rate
where pulse can be detected most easily in the following areas of the body:
apical
radial
carotid
femoral
popliteal
temporal
dorsalis pedis
posterior tibial
brachial
pulse over the apex of the heart that heard with a stethoscope
apical pulse
pulse over the radial artery at the wrists at the base of the thumb
radial pulse
pulse over the carotid artery at the front of the neck
carotid pulse
pulse over the femoral artery in the groin
femoral pulse
pulse at the posterior surface of the knee
popliteal pulse
pulse over the temporal artery in front of the ear
temporal pulse
pulse at the top of the feet in line with the groove between the extensor tendons of the great and the second
dorsalis pedis pulse
pulse on the inner side of the ankles
posterior tibial pulse
pulse in the groove between the biceps and the triceps muscles above the elbow at the antecubital fossa
brachial pulse
normal pulse rate of adult
60 to 90
normal pulse rate of child (4 to 10 years)
90 to 100
normal pulse of infant
120
is an abnormally rapid heart rate over 100 beats per minute
tachycardia
is an abnormally slow heart rate below 60 beats per minute
bradycardia
for infants and children, the ______ pulse is the
most accurate for cardiovascular assessment
for infants and children, the APICAL pulse is the most accurate for cardiovascular assessment
as with other vital signs, it is important to establish a baseline respiratory rate because changes in respiration are often an early sign of threatened physiologic state. Remember, however, that the rate of respiration increases with physical exercise or emotion
respiration rate
___________ is also quicker in newborns and infants. When assessing respiration, observe the rate, depth, quality, and pattern
RESPIRATION is also quicker in newborns and infants. When assessing respiration, observe the rate, depth, quality, and pattern
normal respiration rate of adult
15 to 20
normal respiration rate of infant
30 to 60
is the force of the blood pushing against the artery walls during contraction and relaxation of the heart
blood pressure
pressure exerted when blood is ejected into arteries
systolic blood pressure
pressure blood exerts within arteries between heartbeats
diastolic blood pressure
normal systolic blood pressure
120mmHg
normal diastolic blood pressure
80mmHg
____ _______ ______, or hypertension, directly increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure, and stroke
HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE, or hypertension, directly increases the risk of heart attack, heart failure, and stroke
an equipment which has a dial gauge and is read by looking at a pointer
aneroid monitor
an equipment in which the blood pressure reading flashes on a small screen, can be used to measure blood pressure
digital monitor
normal blood pressure of adult
90 to 120 systolic
over
50 to 70 diastolic
normal blood pressure of adolescents
85 to 130 systolic
over
45 to 85 diastolic
