Visualillusions

Question 1

This is the kind of phantom motion that is caused by staring at a single point of light against a dark background for more than a few seconds. After about 8 to 10 seconds the light appears to move on its own.

Answer 1

Autokinesis

Question 2

This illusion occurs when pilots ignore orientation cues, and fix their attention on a goal or an object

Answer 2

Fascination or fixation

Question 3

This is the inability to determine if an object is moving towards you or away from you.

Answer 3

Reversible perspective illusion

Question 4

Dimly lit objects appear to be further away, and brightly lit objects appear to be closer

Answer 4

Size distance illusion

Question 5

A light flickering at a rate between four and 20 cps can produce unpleasant and dangerous reactions

Answer 5

Flickr vertigo

Question 6

Class ___ airspace is generally airspace starting at the surface up to about 10,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) Surrounding the nations, busiest airports in terms of airport operations, or passenger and payments. Needs FAA approval

Answer 6

Class B. You can think of B standing for a big city airport. Or Outlined in blue.

Question 7

When you see 110/20, and B airspace, what does that mean?

Answer 7

This means that the class B airspace doesn’t start until 2000 feet MSL, and it goes up to 11,000 feet MSL. When reading those numbers, you add two zeros at the end.

Question 8

Class ____ Air space is generally airspace from the surface up to 4000 feet above the airport, surrounding airports that have an operation and all control tower, our service by radar approach, control, and have a certain number of instrument flight rules operations or passenger emplanements..

Answer 8

Class C. You can think of the CS standing for cities, because they are still sizable airports. You need to request permission from the FAA to gain approval to fly here. Class C has solid magenta lines

Question 9

Class C usually consist of a surface area with _____ nautical mile radius, and an outer circle with a ______ nautical mile radius

Answer 9

5
10

Question 10

According to 14 CFR part 107 the remote pilot in command of a small unmanned aircraft planning to operate within class C airspace

Answer 10

Is required to receive ATC authorization

Question 11

Class _____ airspace is generally air space from the surface up to 2500 feet above the airport, surrounding airports that have an operational control tower. This class always starts at the surface.

Answer 11

Class D. You can think of the D in class D airspace as dime sized. Small city airport with control towers are usually designated as class D. You must request permission from FAA to gain approval. Outlined Dashed blue lines.

Question 12

If you see a normal 20 in class D airspace, that means

Answer 12

Class D airspace starts at the surface, with a ceiling of 2000 feet MSL. Meaning that at exactly 2000 feet, it’s the class D airspace.

Question 13

If you see a -20 in class D airspace, that means

Answer 13

That class D airspace starting at the surface up to but not including 2000 feet MSL. So at exactly 2000 feet MSL the airspace will change to the overlying airspace.

Question 14

For class D airports, they usually have an operable tower. And not every tower is in operation 24 hours a day. During the hours that some Class D airport towers are not in operation, what Class does the airport become?

Answer 14

Class E Surface are rules, or a combination of class E to 700 feet AGL, and class G rules to the surface, will become applicable

Question 15

When there is a class E extension from a other class airport, you do/don’t need authorization to fly in these class E extensions.

Answer 15

Don’t

Question 16

All of class _____ airspace is controlled airspace, but the only type of class ____ controlled airspace really need to request. Airspace authorization is at the surface or lateral class ___ airspace around the airport.

Answer 16

E

Question 17

Thicker fuzzy magenta set of lines, indicate Class ____ airspace start at _____ ft AGL.

Answer 17

E, 700

The important thing to understand is that unless other airspace is being indicated, you’ve got class G uncontrolled airspace all the way up to 700 feet AGL

Question 18

If you were doing a tower inspection, which you can fly for 400 feet above the tower, and that would put you at 852 feet AGL, in class C airspace that is starting at 700 feet AGL, you do/dont need to request airspace authorization to fly up in the class E.

Answer 18

Do not

Question 19

If you are looking at a section of the chart without any of the colored airspace circles, its class ______ airspace from the surface up to 1200 feet AGL, and then it becomes class ______ controlled airspace.

Answer 19

G, E

Question 20

When looking at a fuzzy magenta circle on a sectional chart, the inside of that circle is class _____ starting At ________ feet AGL. The outside of the circle is class _____ starting at __________ feet AGL. 

Answer 20

E , 700 ft
E , 1200 ft

Question 21

Class ______ airspace is that portion of the air space that has not been designated as class B C D or E.

Answer 21

Class G uncontrolled airspace

Question 22

An unmanned aircraft may be operated without prior authorization from the appropriate air traffic control facility in class ____ airspace.

Answer 22

Class G airspace

Question 23

Prohibited areas?

Answer 23

P followed by number and blue hashmarks
Defined dimensions are prohibited aircraft use with establish security or associated with the national welfare.
Ex. Maryland President vacation home

Question 24

Restricted areas?

Answer 24

R followed by number and blue hashmarks
Flight operations are hazardous and subject to restrictions
Guns, guided missiles, ect
Can fly in restricted areas bu tneed to contact to the people in control

Question 25

Warning Areas

Answer 25

W followed by number and blue hashed lines
Similar to restricted
Defined dimensions but hazardous to not participating aircraafts
The govt doesnt have sole jurisdiction over the airspace
Ex going off the coast of the US
W indicates warning area

Question 26

Military Operation Areas (MOAS)

Answer 26

• Military training activities

MOAs consist of airspace with defined vertical and lateral limits established for the purpose of separating certain military training activities from IFR traffic.
MOA and magenta hashed lines
Each pilot is responsible for collison avoidance. So exercise extreme caution in these areas

Question 27

How do you find out if a MOA is hot?

Answer 27

That means active. Refer to border of sectional chart for more info.
Contact Flight Service to find if it is an active MOA.

Question 28

Alert areas

Answer 28

A followed by a number
Informing non participating pilots that the area might have a lot of pilot training and unusual activity
Can fly here, exercise extreme caution though
Collision avoidance

Question 29

Where should you look to get additional information on military operation areas, warning, restricted, prohibited areas?

Answer 29

On the sectional chart. Or flight service.

Question 30

Who are Military Training Routes (MTRs) used by and what for?

Answer 30

Used by the military low altitude high speed flight training at an excess of 250 knots ( almost 300mph )

Question 31

When military training routes are used, when they fly over 1500 feet, they use _______. When it’s below 1500 feet, they use _______.

Answer 31

IR or VR followed by three numbers, IR or VR followed by four numbers

IFR (instrument flight rules) or VFR (visual flight rules)
IR or VR followed by a number

Question 32

When looking at a sectional chart for military training routes, if you see ‘VR1667’, The four numbers at the end mean that the aircraft’s can be flying at 1500 ft AGL, and above or below?

Answer 32

Below. If you see four numbers behind IR or VR, that means that the aircraft could be flying at 1500 feet AGL and below. 

Question 33

Restriction area of airspace due to govt VIPS, special events, natural disasters, other unsual events - applies to ALL pilots

Answer 33

Temporary Flight Restriction (TFR) http://tfr.faa.gov

Question 34

What are temporary flight restrictions usually issued for?

Answer 34

To provide a safe environment
Unsafe cogestions of sightseeing aircraft above incident/event
Protect public figures

Question 35

Prohibits flights at or below 3,000ft AGL within three nautical mile radius of 30,000 people or more, like a baseball game, NFL game, NCAA Division football game.. 1 hour before to 1 hour after event

Answer 35

Stadium TFR

Restrictions for TFRs vary.. You need to go to TFR website to be aware of TFRs

Question 36

Notice to Airmen/Air Missions (NOTAM)

Answer 36

Describes airspace info that’s time critical, either temporary or not sufficiently known to prevent publication on aeronautical charts or other operational publications

Question 37

When are Notice to Airmen/Air Missions (NOTAM) issued?

Answer 37

Airport runway closures, temproary flight restrictions, large scale public events
TFR is one kind of NOTAM
Check for CAUTION boxes on charts that would say “CHECK NOTAMS”

Question 38

Who would a remote pilot in command contact for notams?

Answer 38

A remote PIC would contact Flight Service, or the controlling agency or contact facility, to check notams.

Question 39

The National Flight Data Center will issue _____________________ when it becomes necessary to disseminate information that is regulatory in nature, and they are used to advertise temporary flight restrictions caused by such things as natural disasters or large-scale public events that may generate congestion of air traffic over a site.. You need a Certificate of Waiver or Authorization if you want to try and fly.

Answer 39

Flight Data Center (FDC) NOTAMs

Question 40

Latitude

Answer 40

Divides earth horizontally, N/S at 0 degrees at equator, -90 to 90
North America 25 degrees to 49 degrees

Question 41

Longitude

Answer 41

Divides vertically, W/E at prime meridian. 0 degrees to 180 degrees back down
67 degrees and 125 degrees wW Longitude is US

Question 42

On a sectional chart looking at the US
As you move north, away from equator, latitude degree numbers go ______.
As you move west or left, away from prime meridian, numbers will go ______.
Each degree is made of _____ minutes. Each notch is a ___________.
Seconds on the location is too small to consider for airspace.

Answer 42

Up, up
60, minute.

The BIG lines are only 30 mins from eachother. Each notch is a minute!!

Question 43

What is the equation to find the latitude and longitude of 46.93N and 98.02W

Answer 43

.93 x 60 minutes = 56 min
46.93 ° N = 46°56’

.02 x 60 min = 1 min
98.02 °W = 98 °1’

Question 44

Magenta colored flag - visual reporting checkpoint, for manned VFR aircraft. Expect higher amount of traffic here.

Answer 44

VFR Checkpoints

Question 45

Notification Boxes are

Answer 45

Clear, outlined boxes.

Question 46

The literal height above ground which you are flying

Answer 46

Above Ground Level

Question 47

true altitude or elevation

Answer 47

Mean Sea level

Question 48

On a Sectional Chart, all of the numbers you see that denote altitudes are denoted in ______, unless they are in parentheses. If you see a number in parentheses, that denotes ______.

Answer 48

MSL, AGL

Question 49

this is the type of automated weather service available for the airport

Answer 49

AWOS-3

Question 50

this is the AWOS-3 radio frequency

Answer 50

119.775

Question 51

This number is the altitude (remember this is MSL) of the airport

Answer 51

18

Question 52

This refers to the lighting limitations at the airport (for nighttime use)

Answer 52

*L

Question 53

This is the length of the longest runway (in hundreds of feet)

Answer 53

55

Question 54

This indicates that this number is the Common Traffic Advisory Frequency

Answer 54

122.9 C

Question 55

___________________ , which are typically broadcast over a discrete very high frequency (VHF) radio frequency, contain essential information, such as weather information, active runways, available approaches, NOTAM, and any other information required by the pilots. Pilots listen to ATIS broadcast information before contacting the local air traffic controller, in order to reduce the controllers’ workload and to prepare their flight.

Answer 55

ATIS broadcasts. Pilots listen to ATIS broadcast information before contacting the local air traffic controller, in order to reduce the controllers’ workload and to prepare their flight.

Question 56

______________ colored airports are untowered. _______________ colored airports are towered.

Answer 56

Magenta, Blue

Question 57

The radio frequency that sUAS operators can tune into to listen to manned aircraft chatter from incoming or outgoing pilots is called ________________________________.

Answer 57

the Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF).

Question 58

A _________________________ is the minimum altitude that you can fly in a given quadrangle and still be able to clear all obstacles in that quadrangle, including terrain and obstructions.

Answer 58

Maximum Elevation Figure (MEF)

The quadrangle is made up by the intersecting tick lines to make a rectangle. Big number represents thousands, smaller represents hundreds. The maximum elevation is rounded up and then 100 ft. is added, and then that’s the MEF within the quadrangle.

Question 59

MEF factor in both_________________________________ . The color chart to the right, ranging from light green to dark brown, tells the elevation of the land.

Answer 59

natural terrain and man made obstacles

Question 60

A ___________________ Is a straight line segment that’s used to depict low altitude civilian air traffic. on a Sectional Chart are thick faded blue lines. They are identified by a number similar to a highway and are always Class E airspace.

Answer 60

Victor Airway

Question 61

Victor airways is class ______ airspace. They start at a base of _____________ feet AGL and go up to ______________ feet MSL.

Answer 61

E
1200
18,000