Visual systems 2 + Taste Flashcards
Which retina side does not cross at the optic chiasm?
Temporal side
Which layers of the LGN receive input from the nasal retina of the other side?
1, 4, 6
Which layers of the LGN receive input from the temporal retina of the same side?
2, 3, 5
Which layers of the LGN do P type ganglions project to?
3, 4, 5, 6
Which layers of the LGN do M type ganglions project to?
1, 2
what do simple vision cells respond to?
specific orientation and position
What do complex vision cells respond to?
specific orientation any position
What is the final stage L and R retinal input are separate?
Layer 4
The blue columns in the visual cortex are located on which side of the visual field?
Ipsilateral
The red columns of the visual cortex are located o which side of the visual field?
Contralateral
Which layer of the visual cortex do knockocellular LGN neurons project to?
L2 & L3
Which layer of the visual cortex do parvocellular LGN neurons project to?
4C-beta
Which layer of the visual cortex do magnocellular LGN neurons project to?
L4C-alpha
What layer of the visual cortex does vision fuse together?
Layer 3
What layer of the visual cortex does the LGN project to?
4C
What happens in the second layer of the visual cortex?
information is sent to other cortical areas
What is the role of layer 5 in the visual cortex?
It sends information to the superior colliculus and the pons
Whats another feature of complex cells?
They are direction sensitive
What is the role of the M-type, P-type and non-M-non-P cells
M - motion
P - shape
non-M-non-P - color
What are the 5 tastes?
Sour, umami, bitter, sweet, salty
Describe the numeric organization of taste receptors
Papilla (small projections on the tongue) - each papilla has 1-100 taste buds, each taste bud has 50-150 receptor cells
Which tastes do not overlap?
Umami, sweet, bitter
What compound activates sodium channels in taste receptor cells?
Amiloride
describe the order of the taste system?
chemical compounds activate a G-protein which activates a phospholipase-C which increases IP3 which opens Na and Ca channels
Describe the G-protein arrangement of sweet bitter and umami receptors
Bitter - T2Rs
Sweet - T1R2s and T1R3s
Umami - T1R1 & T1R3
Describe the anatomical pathway of taste
Receptors go to the gustatory nucleus which goes to the ventral posterior medial nucleus (VPN) in the thalamus which projects to the gustatory complex
