Visual System p49-61

Question 1

What photosensative chemical is in Rods?

Answer 1

Rhodopsin

Question 2

Are there more rods or cones in the Retina?
In the Macula Lutea “yellow spot”?
In the Fovea centralis?

Answer 2

Retina = greater rods *peripheral and low-light vision
Macula Lutea = greater cones *high visual acuity
Fovea Centralis = All cones *highest visual acuity
(50)

Question 3

What is the area of the retina where divergence/convergence of retinal vessels occurs?

Answer 3

Optic Papilla (optic disc)
*converge to form optic nerve
(51)

Question 4

True or False: A single bipolar cell typically engages more cone cells than rod cells?

Answer 4

False; Cone/bipolar cell body = 1:1
Rod/bipolar cell body = 10/1 or 100/1 at ora serrata (*= low resolution or low light vision)
(51)

Question 5

What neurons innervate bipolar cells?

Answer 5

Ganglion Cells
(These cells travel along inner retina adjacent to vitreus body, converge on optic papilla, penetrate sclera and for optic nerve)
(52)

Question 6

What are examples of association neurons of the retina?

Answer 6

Horizontal cells, Amacrine cells, Interplexiform cells

52

Question 7

Is the macular retina or peripheral retina the area of high convergence? Where are there mostly rods and mostly cones?

Answer 7

Macular area = mostly cones and no convergence
Peripheral retina = mostly rods and much convergence
(53)