visual perception Flashcards
what is visual perception?
ability to recognize, organize, act on info
what are visual receptive skills?
acuity
fixation
motility
what is acuity?
clarity which eye can see
what are behaviors that indicate difficulty with visual acuity?
squinting headache eye-ache inattention avoidance takes a while to do something
how do you tx acuity issue?
refer to opthamologist
handout
sit closer to info
what is visual fixation?
ability to keep eyes from moving off non-moving target (volitional)
what are behaviors that indicate difficulty with fixation?
difficulty starting 1st word on page
inattention
what is motility?
ability to move eye to full range
skill which eyes are moved
reflexive or volitional
what are motility skills?
stereopsis binocular fusion convergence/divergence accommodation saccades pursuits
how do you tx motility issue?
refer to optometrist
what are phorias?
task specific
inability to converge/diverge
what are tropias?
less task specific
inability to judge distances b/c eyes are out of alignment and fatigue
how do you eval phorias?
developmental optometrist
how do you eval tropias?
cover 1 eye and have child look at distant and near taret
how do you tx phorias?
special lens
fine motor task
straw activities
how do you tx tropias?
correct head tilt
alternating eye patch
suppress double image
what are behaviors that indicate issues with accommodation?
near pt blur eye strain reduced concentration for near work moves head/reading closer/farther takes a while to do HW
how do you eval accommodation issues?
refer optometrist
how do you tx accommodation issues?
freq breaks
use UE, back muscle to enhance vision
increase direct lighting to reduce pupil
how long should post-rotary nystangmus last?
6-8 seconds
what are behaviors that indicate issues with saccades/pursuits?
cant separate eye + head movements
loss of place when reading
poor ball skills
how do you eval saccade/pursuit issues?
optometrist
saccades: 2 items (red/blue) “look at red then blue”
pursuits: follow small object, look for nystagmus
how do you tx saccade/pursuit issues?
supine
suspended ball with letter that child strikes
visual jumps
what makes up visual cognitive skills?
visual attention
visual memory
discrimination
what is visual attention?
alertness orienting vigilance divided/shared attention selective attention
what methods are used to tx visual inattention?
attention shifts
attn to structures + organization
imagery and visualization
what makes up visual discrimination?
object form perception
spatial perception
what is object form perception?
form constancy
visual closure
figure ground recognition
what is spatial perception?
position in space
depth perception
topographic orientation
what are behavior indicators of poor visual motor integration?
poor motoric response to visual target
poor handwriting
difficulty drawing
