Vision Impairment Flashcards

1
Q

vision categories

A

legally blind
vision impairment
low vision

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2
Q

legally blind

A

condition of lacking visual perception due to neurological or physical factors
visual acuity of <20/200 with correction
widest angle of visual field is <20 degrees

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3
Q

vision impairment

A

visual acuity of 20/200 to 20/70 in the best eye
slight defects in field of vision
partial or complete loss of vision

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4
Q

low vision

A

uncorrectable vision loss that negatively impacts patients level of functioning
usually partial vision
most commonly found in elderly

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5
Q

social impact of visual impairment

A

unemployment
poor access to rehabilitation
social isolation
assistance with daily activities

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6
Q

factor driving vision loss crisis

A

population aging

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7
Q

age related macular degeneration

A

incurable, progressive condition that involves the deterioration of the macula
patients lose central vision, difficulty seeing faces, difficulty performing everyday tasks
vision loss can be permanent related

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8
Q

age related macular degeneration risk factors

A

age
race
smoking
sunlight
nutrition

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9
Q

dry AMD

A

more common
fatty debris accumulation and other degenerative changes in macula
slow progression of vision loss

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10
Q

wet AMD

A

more severe form
blood and fluids leak into macula from abnormal blood vessels and scar tissue formed
rapid vision loss

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11
Q

glaucoma

A

group of disorders that involve progressive loss of optic nerve cells
may result in permanent vision loss
commonly associated with elevated intraocular pressure

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12
Q

glaucoma risk factors

A

age
race
intraocular pressure
diabetes
family history
hypertension

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13
Q

open-angle glaucoma

A

more prevalent
subtle initial symptoms, allows disease to go undetected until permanent loss of vision

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14
Q

angle-closure glaucoma

A

pronounced symptoms (pain and sudden change of vision)
acute presentation is medical emergency

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15
Q

cataracts

A

opacification of crystalline lens of eye causes lens to become cloudy
impairs vision by inhibiting light transmission
reversible vision loss

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16
Q

cataracts risk factors

A

eye trauma
medication
age
exposure to UVB light
smoking
chronic illnesses
corticosteroids

17
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

uncontrolled blood glucose levels can lead to weakened retinal blood vessels
leaks in weakened blood vessels may cause the retina to swell and result in blurry vision
nonproliferation retinopathy