visible light and the solar system Flashcards
how have ideas about the structure of the Solar System have changed over time.
ptolemy published a geocentric model that tried to explain the motions of planets. then copernicus published a book that argued that the earth and the planets were in orbits around the sun. this is a heliocentric model
how did Galileo’s observations of Jupiter, using the
telescope, provide evidence for the heliocentric model of the Solar System
four moons orbiting Jupiter. these were the first objects seen to be orbiting around something that was not earth. this observation supported Copernicus`s ideas.
how do you measure the focal length of a converging lens using a distant object
use a converging lens to focus parallel rays of light from a distant object onto a piece of paper. the rays of light will meet at the paper and form a real, inverted image. the focal length is the distance between the lens and the image.
Investigate the use of converging lenses to:
a measure the focal length using a distant object
b investigate factors which affect the magnification of a
converging lens (formulae are not needed)
the fatter the lens the shorter the focal length, magnification of the image depends on the focal length and the distance between the object and the lens
how does the eyepiece of a simple telescope magnify the
image of a distant object produced by the objective lens
parallel rays of light from a distant object form a real image. the user sees a virtual magnified image
how does a reflecting telescope work
uses a curved mirror to gather light from distant objects and a converging lens as an eyepiece to magnify the image. reflecting telescopes give better quality images than refraction telescopes of similar sizes
how are waves reflected and refracted
at boundaries between different materials
explain how waves will be refracted at a boundary in
terms of the change of speed and direction
wave changes in direction towards the normal, and the decrease in wavelength as the wave moves into the medium where it travels more slowly.
what do waves transfer
energy and information without transferring matter
in terms of waves, what is:
a) frequency
b) wavelength
c) amplitude
d) speed
a) number of waves passing a point each second, measured in hertz (Hz)
b) distance from one wave peak to another
c) distance from the normal to the top of the wave
d) measured in metres per second (m/s)
Differentiate between longitudinal and transverse waves by referring to sound, water, electromagnetic and seismic waves
sound waves and seismic P waves are longitudinal waves. the particles in the material the sound is travelling through move back and forth along the same direction that sound is travelling. waves on a water surface, electromagnetic waves and seismic S waves are all transverse waves. the particles of move in a direction at right angles to the direction the wave is travelling.
