Viruses + Bacteria Flashcards
Why don’t bacteria overpopulate Earth? (4 reasons)
1) Don’t always have ideal growing conditions
2) May run out of nutrients or water
3) Poison themselves with their waste
4) Predators eat them
How fast can bacteria reproduce in ideal conditions?
Around 20 minutes (only with ideal conditions)
What did Alexander Fleming discover in 1928?
Penicillin (antibiotic made by Penicillium notatum)
What are the two ways of virus infection?
1) Injection of genetic material
2) Capsid enters and releases nucleic acid once inside
What are the two virus replication cycles?
1) Lytic Cycle
2) Lysogenic Cycle
Do all viruses look the same?
No, most viruses have specific structure adapted to their host organism
What colour do gram negative bacteria appear after gram staining?
Pink/red
What colour do gram positive bacteria appear after gram staining?
Purple/blue
Viruses depend on a ____ organism for survival and reproduction
Host (host cell)
What is a capsid made out of?
Proteins
What are a few characteristics of living things?
- Requires energy
- Responds to stimuli
- Growth and Development
- Reproduction
- Contains proteins + enzymes
- Produces and releases waste
- Contains genetic material
Why are viruses considered non living? (4 points)
- Not considered a cell
- Does not require nutrients
- Can’t grow + develop independently
- Cannot reproduce independently
The protein coat of a virus is known as a ——————
Capsid
The bursting of a host cell is also called a __?
Lyse
Viruses are much __ than bacteria in size
Smaller
