Viruses and Fungi

Question 1

1. What type of virus is epstein barr?

2. Name three things that it can cause

Answer 1

1. DNA virus (herpes)

2. Glandular fever, Lymphoma (burkitt, hodgkin), gastric cancer

Question 2

What virus causes Kaposki’s sarcoma?

Answer 2

Human Herpes Virus 8

Question 3

What does rubella cause?

Answer 3

rash beginning on the face
low grade fever
lymphadenopathy of occipital and cervical lymph nodes

Question 4

What does measles cause

Answer 4

macropapular rash. Koplik’s spots in the mouth

Question 5

1. Which glands are affected in mumps?

2. Name 3 complications of mumps

Answer 5

1. parotid salivary glands

2. meningitis, pancreatitis, endocarditis

Question 6

1. What type of virus is Hep A?

2. How is it transmitted?

Answer 6

1. +ssRNA

2. faecal oral

Question 7

1. What type of virus is Hep B?

2. how is it transmitted?

Answer 7

1. DNA

2. blood borne

Question 8

1. What type of virus is Hep C?

2. How is it transmitted?

Answer 8

1. +ssRNA

2. blood borne

Question 9

1. What type of virus is Hep E?
2. How is it transmitted?
3. In what people can infection be more serious?

Answer 9

1. +ssRNA
2. faecal oral route
3. pregnant women

Question 10

1. What is the MOA of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
2. Name an example

Answer 10

1. compete with endogenous triphosphate substances, therefore prevent viral DNA from being retrotranscribed
2. Zidovudine

Question 11

1. What is the MOA of non-nucloside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
2. Name an example

Answer 11

1. blocks the active site of reverse transcriptase, therefore prevents viral DNA from being retrotranscribed
2. Etravirine

Question 12

1. What is the MOA of DNA polymerase inhibitors

2. Name an example and what it is used to treat

Answer 12

1. inhibit viral DNA polymerase by acting as a chain terminator. Therefore prevents the replication of viral DNA
2. acyclovir - herpes viruses

Question 13

1. What is the MOA of Integrase Inhibitors

2. Name an example

Answer 13

1. prevents the integration of viral DNA into host genome

2. raltegravir

Question 14

1. What is the MOA of protease inhibitors?

2. Name an example

Answer 14

1. prevents cleavage of viral peptides

2. Amprenavir

Question 15

1. What are neuroaminidase inhibitors used to treat?
2. What is their MOA?
3. Name 3 examples

Answer 15

1. influenza
2. prevent viral disassembly
3. Amantidine, zanivamir, tamiflu

Question 16

1. What is the MOA of nystatin and amphoteracin?
2. What is amphoteracin used to treat?
3. What is nystatin used to treat?

Answer 16

1. binds to ergosterol, therefore increases membrane permeability
2. aspergillus (and leishmaniasis)
3. candidiasis

Question 17

1. What is the MOA of clotrimazole and fluconazole?
2. What is clotrimazole used to treat?
3. What is fluconazole used to treat?

Answer 17

1. inhibit ianosterol 14alpha demethylase, therefore prevents the formation of ergosterol leading increased membrane permeability
2. candidia vaginal infections
3. candidia. cryptococcal menningoencephalitis

Question 18

1. What is the MOA of griseofulvin?

2. What is griseofulvin used to treat?

Answer 18

1. interferes with mucrotubule function therefore inhibits mitosis
2. tinea