Viruses And Bacteria Flashcards
What is a virus?
A infectious agent
What is a virus made of? (Aka structure)(v)
It’s made of nuclei acids, wrapped in a protein coat called a capsid. It has no nucleus, organelles, cytoplasm or cell membrane.
Can they have both RNA and DNA(v)
They can only have one
What are viruses that transcribe RNA to DNA called?(v)
Retroviruses, they depend on a host
How does it spread?(v)
It invades a host, makes copies of itself, bursts and releases more viruses
What are the steps for his reproduction? (Viruse)
- Viruses attaches to cell
- DNA/RNA are copied
- Viruses copies itself
- Cell bursts, aka lyses
- New viruses is released
What are specific viruses known for?(v)
They are known for only attaching to certain cell types. Matching the surface markers to receptor sites.
What does pathogen and pathogenic mean?(v)
Pathogenic causes disease where pathogen is a disease producing agent.
Summarize viruses (v)
Disrupt balance
Prevented by vaccines
Antibiotics don’t work
Non living
Make a table, comparing a virus and living cell. The structure, reproduction, genetic material, growth development, obtain use energy, response to environment, change over time(v)
Viruses:
DNA core, capsid
Replication
DNA or rna
No
No
No
No
Living cell:
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material, organelles.
Asex or sex
DNA and rna
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
What is a bacteriophage?(v)
A virus that infects bacteria
What does non viral mean? What do prions do?(v)
Only protein
No DNA/RNA
Affect the brain and are fatal
Draw bacteriophage , draw a Flue, HIV virus (V)
Did i?
What is the structure of a bacterial chromosome? (B)
Pill shaped, the plasmid is not dna, and is responsible for how they build. The DNA is loose.
What’s an inclusion (B)
Granules of sugar
Lipid storage, etc
Basically just storage
What’s an endospore? What’s its genus? (B)
It’s a bacteria’s way of protecting itself
Genus: bacillus and clostridium
Are there ribosomes bigger or smaller the eukaryotes? How much Seville?
Smaller but with the same function. Euk has 80s where pro has 70s
What is binary fission?
The asexual way of reproduction, basically mitosis
What do pills and flagella do?
They stick to each other, surfaces
What’s the sexual form of reproduce?
Conjunction
Whats a bacterial envelope?
Structures on the outside of bacteria.
What’s a Glycocalyx?
A sugar coat, if its tightly bound its a capsule. It prevents and protects it from drying, also protects from phagocytes. It’s slimy and often involved in biofilms
Where is the outer membrane found?
In Gram - bacteria
