Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

How are viruses classified?

A

according to their genome (single stranded/double stranded, RNA/DNA, sense/antisense)

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2
Q

What is the role of the virus protein capsid?

A

to protect the genome

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3
Q

Where does the virus life cycle occur?

A

inside the host cell

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4
Q

Define virus

A

obligate intracellular parasite

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5
Q

What are the seven viral groups?

A
  • dsDNA viruses
  • ssDNA viruses
  • dsRNA viruses
  • (+)sense RNA viruses
  • (-)sense RNA viruses
  • RNA reverse transcribing viruses HIV
  • DNA reverse transcribing viruses
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6
Q

Name all the DNA virus families (HHAPPPy)

A
Hepadna
Herpes 
Adeno 
Pox 
Parvo 
Papova
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7
Q

Which DNA viruses have naked capsids?

Dina gets naked for her PAP smear

A
  • parvovirus
  • adenovirus
  • papovirus
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8
Q

What are virons?

A

very small rod-like RNA molecules, only plant pathogens (CONTAIN NO PROTEIN)

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9
Q

What are prions?

A

contain no NUCLEIC ACID

  • resistant to heat inactivation
  • resistant to radiation damage
  • resistant tp DNAase and RNAase Treatment
  • sensitive to urea, SDS, phenol and other protein denaturing chemicals
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10
Q

What are the different types of capsid?

A
  • helical

- icosahedral

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11
Q

What are the four steps of virus replication?

A
  • entry
  • replication
  • assembly
  • release
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12
Q

How do viruses attach to the cell?

A

via receptors called attachment proteins

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13
Q

What determines the outcome of infections?

A

the interaction of the outer surface of a virus with a cellular receptor

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14
Q

Where do most DNA viruses replicate?

A

nucleus

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15
Q

Where do most RNA viruses replicate?

A

cytoplasm

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16
Q

What determines how quickly the virus spreads?

A

the release (how many particles are released etc)

17
Q

What is the PH independent way of penetration?

A

virus goes straight through the cell wall

18
Q

What is the PH dependent method of penetration?

A

invagination (virus breaks down vacuole before reaching the phagosome)

19
Q

What are the two ways of release?

A

budding and lytic infection

20
Q

A virus has been formed and it has no envelope, in what way was it released?

A

lytic

21
Q

What is pantropism?

A

Influenza is a pantropic virus as its receptors are very common

22
Q

What are the 4 nucleoproteins of viruses?

A

Basically, don’t get your fingers or your helix trapped in your zipper!

Basic proteins
Finger proteins
Helix proteins
Zipper proteins