Viruses

Question 1

Dengue Fever Virus

Answer 1

Flaviviridae; transmitted by mosquitos. typically South America, SE Asia and Africa
4 serotypes.
hemorrhagic fever occurs when infection with 2 different at the same time.
joint pain, rash, metallic taste, thrombocytopenia

Question 2

Yellow Fever

Answer 2

Flavivirdae; mosquito>monkey>human; flu-like to sever hemorrhage. stomach lining-> black vomit; jaundice (liver damage)
vaccine-live, attenuated

Question 3

Rift Valley Fever Virus

Answer 3

Bunyaviridae; mosquitos;
Africa; vet problem; humans–self-limiting, except 2%-> hemorrhagic hepatitis, similar to early stage meningitis
fever, encephalitis, retinal vasculitis

Question 4

Crimean-Congo Virus

Answer 4

Bunyaviridae; ticks
Middle East, Africa, Europe
30% death rate; vascular endothelium
headaches, limb pain, bleeding from orifices

Question 5

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (Hantavirus

Answer 5

Bunyaviridae; rodents
Europe, Asia
1-2 wks after exposure 
liver and vascular endothelium
fever, hemorrhage, acute renal failure
15% mortality

Question 6

Bunyaviridae

Answer 6

enveloped, spherical particles with (3) segmented, single strand, negative-sense RNA genomes

Question 7

Flaviviridae

Answer 7

small, enveloped, non-segmented, positive strand RNA virus

Question 8

Arenaviruses

Answer 8

enveloped, (2) segmented ambisense RNA virus; rodent transmission;
virion with host cell ribosomes
most infections subclinical
5-10%=sever multisystem disease;
lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, platelet defects, abdominal pain, face or neck edema

Question 9

Filoviridae

Answer 9

Enveloped, pleomorphic rod-shaped virions with nonsegmented negative-stranded RNA
dysregulated innate immune system–> cytokine storm

Question 10

Ebola

Answer 10

Filoviridae; fruit bat, and bodily fluids; non-specifice symptoms progressing to hemorrhagic disease
die from hypovolemic shock and systemic organ failure

Question 11

Tat

Answer 11

enhances transcription; brings it out of latency

Question 12

rev

Answer 12

facilitates transport of unspliced mRNA