Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Viruses are

A

are non-cellular infectious particles that straddle the boundary between ‘living’ and ‘non-living’

but not living as cant reproduce on its own

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2
Q

They are relatively simple in structure; much smaller than

A

prokaryotic cells (with diameters between 20 and 300 nm)

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3
Q

Structurally they have:

A

A nucleic acid core (their genomes are either DNA or RNA, and can be single or double-stranded)

A protein coat called a ‘capsid’

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4
Q

Some viruses have an outer layer called an

A

Lipid envelope formed usually from the membrane-phospholipids of a cell they were made in

helps protect the virus from the host’s immune system.

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5
Q

All viruses are parasitic in that they can only

A

reproduce by infecting living cells and using their protein-building machinery (ribosomes) to produce new viral particles

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6
Q

Attachment proteins are present on the surface of the capsid. The virus uses the attachment proteins to

A

to bind to host cells in order to infect them

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7
Q

The enzyme reverse transcriptase is a enzyme that is found in only some viruses and bacteria and

A

catalyses the formation of a double strand of DNA from a single strand on RNA.

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8
Q
A
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