Viruses

Question 1

Host Cell

Answer 1

is the cell that a Virus infects. A virus NEEDS a host cell or it can not reproduce.

Question 2

Why were viruses not discovered until the 1930’s?

Answer 2

Microscopes were not yet powerful enough to see the tiny particles (viruses).

Question 3

What is a viral disease?

Answer 3

Are caused by a virus that takes control of a cell (host cell) that it has infected.

Question 4

Lytic Cycle Definition

Answer 4

Virus enters cell, replicates itself, and then destroys the cell as newly formed viruses break free.

Question 5

Lytic Cycle (5 Steps)

Answer 5

1. Attachment
2. Insertion
3. Biosynthesis
4. Assembly
5. Release

Question 6

Lysogenic Cycle Definition

Answer 6

A virus stays inside a cell but does not make new viruses. Instead, the DNA of the virus is inserted into the the host’s chromosome.

Question 7

Provirus

Answer 7

Viral DNA has combined with Host cell DNA and continues to be copied as cells divide.

Question 8

Why do some scientists not consider viruses to be living?

Answer 8

Viruses do not fit within cell theory. They cannot reproduce on their own to make new cells, and they cannot function on their own either.

Question 9

What are the two main parts of a virus?

Answer 9

Nucleic Acid and a Protein Coat (capsid)

Question 10

What two biomolecules can carry the genetic information for a virus?

Answer 10

GENETIC is the key word: DNA or RNA, but not both at the same time

Question 11

How can viral disease be prevented?

Answer 11

Hand washing, keeping our distance, wearing masks if we are sick and staying home, not touching our face, getting vaccines, ect.

Question 12

Which is the longer cycle, lytic or lysogenic?

Answer 12

Lysogenic, think long name, long cycle.

Question 13

Which cycle is where the virus remains dormant, potentially forever?

Answer 13

Lysogenic Cycle

Question 14

What do the viruses that cause AIDS, colds, and the flu have in common?

Answer 14

They contain RNA