virus replication

Question 1

what is a virus

Answer 1

intracelular parasite comprising of dna or rna

Question 2

what surrounds the genetic material

Answer 2

protein coat or an envelope

Question 3

what do viruses require for replication

Answer 3

host cell metabolic

Question 4

what are the two phases of virus

Answer 4

virion and infected cell

Question 5

What are the general features of a virus

Answer 5

naked or enveloped
icosahedral or helical

Question 6

what are the 5 rules of DNA viruses

Answer 6

are HHAPPY
are double stranded
have linear genomes
replicate in the nucleus
are icosahedral

Question 7

what does HHAPPy stand for

Answer 7

hepadna, herpes, adeno, pox, parvo, papilloma , polyoma

Question 8

which DNA viruses do no have linear genomes

Answer 8

papilloma, polyoma, and hepadna

Question 9

General rules of RNA viruses
for + stranded rna viruses
for - stranded rna viruses

Answer 9

all replicate in the cytoplasm
rna-dependent rna polymerase is made from viral genome
RdRp is carried by viral particle into the cell

Question 10

step one of viral replication

Answer 10

attachment to receptor on cell surface

Question 11

step 2 of viral replication

Answer 11

entry through endocytosis or fusion of the viral envelope to the host cell membrane

Question 12

step 3 of viral replication `

Answer 12

un coating or release of viral nucleic acid

Question 13

step 4 of viral replication

Answer 13

replication

Question 14

what are the 3 parts to step 4 of replication

Answer 14

1. synthesis of viral protein
2. replication of viral genome
3. synthesis of capsid and other structural protein

Question 15

step 5 of viral replication

Answer 15

assembly new viral particles

Question 16

step 6 of viral replication

Answer 16

release from host cell by lysis or budding

Question 17

what is tropism

Answer 17

host cell proteins dictate species/tissue/cell tropism of the virus

Question 18

what can alter virus tropism

Answer 18

alterations in the affinity of the virus for a particular host cell receptor

Question 19

positive sense rna genome is

Answer 19

directly translated into proteins

Question 20

negative sense rna genome

Answer 20

has to be transcribed into rna by viral RdRp before translation of viral proteins

Question 21

replication happeneds where

Answer 21

in cytoplasm except influenza and HIV

Question 22

what is the exception to replication in the nucleus

Answer 22

poxviruses

Question 23

for influenza virus envelope is acquired in

Answer 23

the plasma membrane

Question 24

For herpes envelope is in

Answer 24

the Golgi

Question 25

how are naked viruses released, 3 steps

Answer 25

1. cell lysis
2. nonlytic release (resemble autophagosomes)
3. nonlytic release that resemble exosomes

Question 26

what 4 things can alter viral infection outcome

Answer 26

recombination
reassortment
complementation
phenotypic mixing