Virus families Flashcards
- Polyomaviridae, Papillomaviridae, Adenoviridae
POLYOMAVIRIDAE
* Genus: Polyomavirus.
* Morphology: Circular dsDNA, superhelical.
* Resistance: STRONG.
* Diagnosis: Bovine or goose polyomavirus->nephritis
PAPILLOMAVIRIDAE
* Genus: papillomavirus
* Morphology: Circular dsDNA, superhelical.
* Resistance: STRONG.
* Diagnosis: Equine/Bovine papillamatosis
ADENOVIRIDAE
* Genera: Mastadeno-, Aviadeno-, Atadeno, and Siadenovirus.
* Morphology: Linear dsDNA, no envelope.
* Diagnosis: Isolation:
I) Mastadenovirus: Pneumoenteritis in calves and lamb, Canine Laryngotracheitis (kennel cough)
II) Aviadenovirus: Inclusion body hepatitis
III) Atadenovirus: Pneumoenteritis in calves and lamb, Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS)
- Herpesviridae
- Genera:
o Alphaherpesvirinae: Simplex-, Mardi-
o Betaherpesvirinae: Cytomegalo-, muromegalo-
o Gammaherpesvirinae: Lymphocrypto-, rhadino- - Morphology: Linear dsDNA
- Diagnosis:
Aplha:
o Simplex virus: Bovine Herpes Mamillaris, Human Herpes Simplex (HHV1-2)
o Varicello virus: Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis, Equine Abortion, Aujeszkys disease in swine
o Mardivirus genus: Marek´s disease
Beta: Cytomegalovirus (Human+monkey)
Gamma:
o Lymphocryptovirus: Epstein-Barr virus
o Meca-, Peca-, Rhadino virus: Bovine Herpes Virus 4
- Pox Viridae
* Genera: o Chordopoxvirinae: Ortho-, Para-, Avi-, Capri-, Lepori-, Suipox virus o Entomopoxvirinae: Insect poxvirus * Morphology: Linear dsDNA, complex capsid. * Resistance: usually good. * Diagnosis: o Orthopox virus: Cowpox (teats, skin) o Parapox virus: Psuedo Cowpox
- Asfarviridae and Hepadnaviridae
ASFARVIRIDAE: * Genus: Asfivirus * Morphology: Linear dsDNA, enveloped * Resistance: Moderate * Diagnosis: African swine fever HEPADNAVIRIDAE: * Genera: Ortho-, Avihepadna virus * Morphology: Circular ss/dsDNA, enveloped * Resistance: Weak * Diagnosis: 1) Orthohepadnavirus genus: Human hepatitis B 2) Avihepadnavirus genus: Duck hepatitis B
- Parvoviridae and Circoviridae
PARVOVIRIDAE:
* Genera:
o Parvoviridae: Parvo-, Amdo-, Boca-
o Densoviridae: Denso-, brevidenso
* Morphology: Linear ssDNA, non-enveloped
* Resistance: VERY STRONG!
* Diagnosis:
o Parvovirus: Porcine, Canine (enteritis, myocarditis)
CIRCOVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Circo-, Gyrovirus genus.
* Morphology: Circular ssDNA, non-enveloped capsid.
* Resistance: VERY STRONG!
* Diagnosis:
o Circovirus genus: PCV1 And PCV2, beak and feathers disorder
o Gyrovirus genus: Chicken anemia
- Reoviridae, Birnaviridae
REOVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Ortho-, orbi-, Colti-, Rota-virus
* Morphology: Segmented dsDNA, non enveloped capsid
* Resistance: Ortho-, Rota-: STRONG, Orbi-, colti-: weaker
* Diagnosis:
o Orthoreovirus genus: Mammalian reovirus
o Orbivirus: African Horse Sickness, Blue Tongue
BIRNAVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Avi-, Aquabirna
* Morphology: segmented dsRNA, non-enveloped
* Resistance: STRONG
* Diagnosis:
o Avibirnavirus: Gumboro disease
o Aquabirnavirus: Infected pancreas
- Picornaviridae, Caliciviridae, Hepeviridae, Astroviridae
PICORNAVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Entero-, Hepato, Cardio-, Erbo-, Tescho-, Rhino-
* Morphology: +ssRNA genome, non eveloped
* Resistance: Generally good
* Diagnosis:
o Enterovirus genus: Swine vesicular disease (SVD)
o Hepatovirus genus: Hepatitis A human
CALICIVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Vesi-, Noro-, Sapo-, Lago…
* Morphology: +ssRNA, non enveloped capsid.
* Resistance: good.
* Diagnosis:
o Vesivirus genus: Feline calicivirus
o Norovirus genus: Food-borne gastroenteritis
HEPEVIRIDAE: ?
ASTROVIRIDAE:
* Genera: Astro-, Mamastro-…
* Morphology: Linear, +ssRNA, non enveloped
* Resistance: good - pH resistant
* Diagnosis:
o Astrovirus: Chicken nephritis
o Mamastrovirus: Gastroenteritis
- Togaviridae, Flaviviridae
TOGAVIRIDAE: * Genera: Alpha-, Rubvirus * Morphology: Linear +ssRNA, enveloped * Resistance: weak o Alphavirus: Equine encephalitis o Rubvirus genus: Rubella (human red rash) FLAVIVIRIDAE: * Genera: Flavi-, Pesti-, Hepaci-virus * Morphology: Linear +ssRNA, enveloped * Resistance: weak * Diagnosis: o Flavivirus: Yellow fever in Humans o Pestivirus: Classical swine fever, BVD o Hepacivirus: Hepatitis C in humans
- Nidovirales – (Coronaviridae, Arteriviridae)
CORONAVIRIDAE
* Genus: Alpha-, Beta-, Gammacorona-, Toro-virus
* Morphology: +ssRNA genome, long, enveloped
* Resistance: Good
* Diagnosis:
o Alphacorona-virus: Porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGE)
o Betacoronavirus: Bovine coronavirus
o Gammacoronavirus: Avian infectious bronchitis
o Torovirus: Berne virus-Foal gastroenteritis
ARTERIVIRIDAE
* Genus: Arterivirus
* Morphology: +ssRNA genome, enveloped
* Resistance: Weak
* Diagnosis:
o Arterivirus genus: Equine arteritis virus – (EAV)
- Orthomyxoviridae
ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE
* Genus: Influenza A, B, C; Thogotovirus, Isavirus
* Morphology: -ssRNA genome, helical capsid, enveloped
* Resistance: Weak
* Diagnosis:
o Influenza A virus: Porcine+Equine+Avian+Human
o Influenza B and C: Human influenza
o Thogotovirus: Tick bourne
o Isavirus: Infectious Salmon Anaemia virus (Norway)
- Paramyxoviridae
PARAMYXOVIRIDAE
* Subfamily:
o Paramyxovirinae: Respiro-, Morbilli-, Avula
o Pneumovirinae: Peneumo-, Metapneumo -
* Morphology: -ssRNA, helical capsid, enveloped
* Resistance: Weak
* Diagnosis:
o Respirovirus: Parainfluenza virus 1 + 3
o Morbillivirus: Canine Distemper virus, Rinderpest, Measles
o Rubula-virus: Parainfluenza Virus 2 (kennel cough)
o Avula-virus: Avian-Newcastle disease
- Rhabdoviridae, Filoviridae
RHABOVIRIDAE
*Genus: Vesiculo-, Lyssa-, Ephermero -, Novirhabdo-virus
* Morphology: -ssRNA genome, helical capsid, enveloped
* Resistance: Weak
* Diagnosis:
o Vesiculovirus: Vesicular stomatitis virus
o Lyssavirus: Rabies
o Ephemerovirus: Bovine ephemeral fever
o Novirhabdovirus: Viral haemorrhagic septicemia
FILOVIRIDAE
* Genus (+diagnosis): Ebola-, Marburg-virus
* Morphology: -ssRNA genome, helical capsid, envelope
* Resistance: Weak
- Bunyaviridae, Arenviridae, Bornaviridae
BUNYAVIRIDAE * Genus: Orthobunya-, Phlebo-, Nairo-, Hantavirus * Morphology: Segmented, -ssRNA genome, enveloped, helical capsid * Resistance: Weak * Diagnostic: o Orthobunyavirus: Akabane disease o Phlebovirus: Rift valley fever o Nairovirus: Nairobi sheep fever o Hantavirus: Haatan Haemorrhagic Fever ARENOVIRIDAE * Genus: Arenaviridae * Morphology: Segmented, ssRNA genome, no capsid, enveloped * Resistance: Weak * Diagnosis: o Arenavirus: Old world arena virus BORNAVIRIDAE * Genus: Bornavirus * Morphology: -ss RNA genone, helical capsid, enveloped * Resistance: Weak * Diagnosis: histopathology lesions o Bornavirus: Borna diseases (BDV)
- Retroviridae
RETROVIRIDAE
* Genus: Orthoretroviridae - Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon-retrovirus, Lentivirus, Spumaretrovirus–Spumavirus
* Morphology: Diploid +ssRNA genome, enveloped, Helical + Icosahedral capsid
* Resistance: Very sensitive!
* Clinical signs – tumours (Leukemia)
Ortheroretroviridae family:
o Alpha-retrovirus: Avian Leucosis+sarcoma
o Beta-retrovirus: Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma virus
o Gamma-retrovirus: Feline Leukemia
o Delta-retrovirus: Bovine leukaemia virus
o Epsilon-retrovirus: Fish virus – Walleye
o Lentivirus: rarely cause tumours, Equine infectious anaemia virus (EIA), Human Immunedeficiency Virus – HIV 1-2, Feline immune deficiency virus (FIV)
