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pharmaco, infections, mycology > virus > Flashcards

virus Flashcards

1
Q

DNA viruses mnemonic –

A 
H -H-A-P-P-P-y
Herpesvirus 
Hepadnavirus 
Adenovirus
Papovavirus 
Parvovirus
Poxvirus
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2
Q

Herpesvirus

A 
Herpes simplex (HSV), varicella-zoster (VZV),
cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr (EBV)
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3
Q

Hepadnavirus

A

Hepatitis B

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4
Q

Adenovirus

A

Numerous serotypes

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5
Q

Papovavirus

A

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

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6
Q

Parvovirus

A
  • Erythema infectiosum
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7
Q

Poxvirus

A

Molluscum contagiosum, smallpox, orf, milker’s nodules

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8
Q 
Paramyxovirus Measles, mumps
Togavirus Rubella
Rhabdovirus Rabies
Retrovirus HIV, HTLV
Picornavirus Enterovirus: coxsackie virus
A

RNA Viruses

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9
Q 
Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
 Infection during ? trimester - Highest risk for permanent abnormalities
A

1st and 2nd

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10
Q 
#1 infectious cause of deafness and mental retardation in U.S.
Most common congenital viral infection
A

Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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11
Q

TORCH syndrome

A

“blueberry muffin baby” purpura

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12
Q

• Small for gestational age, microcephaly, retinitis, colobomas, intracranial calcifications

A

Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

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13
Q

Epstein-Barr Virus Infects

A

B lymphocytes

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14
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia • Slightly raised white plaque on

VIRUS?

A

lateral surface of tongue with a corrugated
appearance

Epstein-Barr Virus

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15
Q

Exanthem Subitum (Roseola Infantum, ? Disease)

A

HHV-6, HHV-7

6Th disease

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16
Q

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

transmission

A

• Oral–oral and fecal–oral mode

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17
Q

Herpangina ?coxsackievirus

A

• Group A coxsackievirus

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18
Q

Exanthem Subitum (Roseola Infantum, ? Disease)

fever and rash temporal
spread?

A

High fever , 4 days later eruption as the fever subsides

Lesions appear first on trunk, then spread to extremities

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19
Q

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease virus

A

• Coxsackievirus A16 or enterovirus 71

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20
Q

Erythematous papules with grayish vesicle surrounding red areola

A

Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease

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21
Q
  • Fever, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy

* Gray-white papulovesicles in oral mucosa that ulcerate (commonly present on tonsillar fauces, palate)

A

Herpangina

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22
Q

Neonatal Herpes Simplex

Use of scalp electrodes

A

increase risk of neonatal transmission in HSV-infected mothers

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23
Q

Neonatal Herpes Simplex
In utero infections can rarely occur
are associated with fetal anomalies

A

microcephaly, encephalitis, intracranial calcifications

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24
Q

(Kaposi’s Varicelliform Eruption)

A

:
• Atopic dermatitis
• Darier’s disease
• Hailey-Hailey, or severe seborrheic dermatitis

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25
Q

Acyclovir-resistant HSV* – Treatment

*Most commonly due to TK-deficient strains of HSV

A

• TK-independent fashion
Foscarnet – directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase
• cidofovir – inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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26
Q

(Kaposi’s Varicelliform Eruption)

A

:
• Atopic dermatitis
• Darier’s disease
• Hailey-Hailey, or severe seborrheic dermatitis

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27
Q

Acyclovir-resistant HSV* – Treatment

*Most commonly due to TK-deficient strains of HSV

A

• TK-independent fashion
Foscarnet – directly inhibits viral DNA polymerase
• cidofovir – inhibits viral DNA polymerase

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28
Q

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

• Caused by VZV infection

A

of the geniculate ganglion

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29
Q

? causes roseola infantum = exanthem

A

• HHV-6 • HHV-7 – Sixth disease

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30
Q

Kaposi’s sarcoma, Castleman’s syndrome

A

HHV-8

31
Q 
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) encodes “E” (early) and “L” (late proteins)
• E proteins (E1-8): participate in
A

viral DNA replication

32
Q

? form virion (the outer shell of the HPV virus)

A

L proteins (L1-L2): structural protein

33
Q

Verrucous Carcinoma (HPV-associated) on penis

A

Giant condyloma of Bushke-Lowenstein

34
Q

Verrucous Carcinoma on sole of foot

A

• Epithelioma cuniculatum

35
Q

• Oral florid papillomatosis

A

Verrucous Carcinoma (HPV-associated)

36
Q

Palmo-plantar HPV TYPE

A

1

37
Q

Common

A

2, 4

38
Q

Flat

A

3, 10

39
Q

Butcher’s

A

7

40
Q

13, 32

A

Oral focal epithelial hyperplasia

41
Q

5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19-26

A

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis

42
Q

6, 11

A

Anogenital; Bushke-Lowenstein tumor

43
Q

High risk anogenital/cervical; Bowenoid papulosis

A

16, 18, 31, 33-35

44
Q

measles virus, a

A

paramyxovirus

45
Q
  • High fever
  • “3 C’s:” Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis
  • Koplik’s spots
A

Measles

46
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum

A

a poxvirus

47
Q

paravaccinia virus, a poxvirus of the genus Parapoxvirus

A

Milker’s Nodule

48
Q

• Transmitted to humans from infected cows

•

A

Milker’s Nodule

49
Q

Contagious Pustular Dermatitis, Contagious Ecthyma

A

orf virus (OV)

50
Q

Caused by, a poxvirus of the genus Parapoxvirus

A

Milker’s Nodule orf virus (OV)

51
Q

papule/nodule on the dorsal index finger

A 
Milker’s Nodule 
 orf virus (OV)
52
Q 
orf virus (OV)
? stages, each lasting
A

6, 6 days:

53
Q
  • red papule
    -nodule with erythematous center, white middle ring, and erythematous halo
    – red, weeping nodule
    – crust with black dots on surface of nodule
    – small papillomas
    – lesion crusts flattens, and ultimately resolves
A
  1. ) Papular
  2. ) Target –
  3. ) Acute
  4. ) Regenerative
  5. ) Papillomatous
  6. ) Regressive
54
Q

(Fifth disease) –

A

Parvovirus B19 Infection

• Children: Erythema Infectiousum

55
Q

• Adults:Parvovirus B19

A

Acute arthropathy with fever and

adenopathy; may develop a lacy, reticular macular eruption

56
Q

Children:Parvovirus B19

A

slapped cheK

57
Q

Papular purpuric “gloves and socks” syndrome

AW Fever and oral erosions

A

Parvovirus B19

58
Q

Parvovirus B19 in patients with sickle-cell disease and other chronic anemias
• in immunocompromised patients

A

• Aplastic crisis

Severe chronic anemia

59
Q

Parvovirus B19 Pregnancy: Hydrops fetalis, spontaneous abortion
(highest risk in

A

first half of pregnancy

60
Q

*TORCH Syndrome causes

A 
hepatosplenomegaly, thromboyctopenia
microcephaly
deafness chorioretinitis
low birth weight,
congenital heart disease;
61
Q

*TORCH Syndrome

A 
– Toxoplasmosis – 
– Other (syphilis, bacterial sepsis) –
– Rubella –
– CMV – 
– HSV –
62
Q

Rubella

most severe when acquired in ??trimester

A

1st

63
Q

Dermal extramedullary erythropoiesis

A

Blueberry Muffin Baby

64
Q

few cases have a prodromal rash of macules, papules, or petechiae
“swimming-trunk” distribution, which is pathognomonic

A

Smallpox

65
Q

Smallpox Caused by

A

variola, a poxvirus

66
Q

Smallpox favor the trunk over the head and extremities

A

false

67
Q

Smallpox on light microscopy

A

Diagnosis: Guarnieri’s bodies

cytoplasmic eosinophillic inclusions

68
Q
  • Erythema multiforme-like eruptions
  • Bacterial superinfection – S. aureus, group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
  • Accidental inoculation – eczema vaccinatum may develop if inoculated onto dermatitic skin
A

Smallpox Vaccination Complications

69
Q

Smallpox following vaccination of a pregnant woman

A

Congenital vaccinia –

70
Q

Generalized/ Progressive vaccinia – children with vaccinia

A

isolated IgM deficiency are especially prone

71
Q 
Varicella (Varicella-Zoster-Virus)
Distinguishing Features (Compare to Smallpox)
•  prodrome
• distribution 
• “Dew drops on a rose petal” – 
•  evolution (
A 
Absent or mild
Centripetal vs  centrifugal
different stages of evolution vs synchronous
 papules, deep-seated vesicles,
pustules, central umbilication

Rapid vs two weeks

72
Q

Congenital Varicella syndrome - when?hypoplastic limbs, ocular
and CNS abnormalities

A

• First 20 weeks of gestation:

73
Q

5 days before and 2 days after delivery:

A

Neonatal Varicella

74
Q

Neonatal Varicella at 5 to 10 days of age because of inadequate
treat with

A

transplacental delivery of maternal antivaricella antibodies;

VZIG + IV-acyclovir

pharmaco, infections, mycology (7 decks)

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