Virtue Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

What is VE concerned with?

A

Virtue ethics is concerned with the individual and not the outcome.

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2
Q

What did Aristotle believe a virtue was?

A

Something that must be practised in order for you to become morally virtuous.

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3
Q

What did Aristotle say you had to do to become morally good?

A

To practise virtues eg. Crossing an old lady across the street encourages virtues of kindness and helpfulness.

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4
Q

What is a virtue?

A

A characteristic that is concerned with the character development of a person, rather than rules of how they should act and behave and the consequences of this.

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5
Q

What where the 3 types of happiness that Aritotle suggested?

A

Pleasure- seeking basic desires.
Honour- working with of for your community.
Contemplation- knowledge and understanding.

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6
Q

What where the 4 types of virtuous people?

A

1⃣Virtuous- highest of virtuous people
2⃣Content
3⃣In Content
4⃣Vicious- lowest of virtue

Numbers 2⃣3⃣4⃣ all need to practise there virtues as they are still tempted by vices.

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7
Q

What where the 2 types of virtue that Aristotle explained?

A

Intellectual and moral:

Moral- is a state that promotes good behaviour and attitudes and leads to virtues such as helpfulness and kindness.

Intellectual- this is a state of again good behaviour and attitudes but also a state in which you experience virtues such as wisdom and scientific skills.

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8
Q

Aristotle believed that within intellectual virtue there was two types?

A

Secondary virtue, EG. Prudence

Primary virtue, EG. Resourcefulness

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9
Q

What are the 4 Cardinal virtues?

A

Temperance- self control
Justice- ability to treat everyone equally
Courage- the ability to maintain a balance between coward ness and recklessness.
Prudence- practical wisdom.

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10
Q

What did Aristotle believe the golden mean helped you achieve? And how was GM discovered?

A

Helps you to become a virtuous person.

Was discovered by intellect.

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11
Q

What was the golden mean?

A

Aristotle be.eived that the golden mean was the middle of being too little or too much of a virtue.
EG, the golden mean of coward ness and recklessness is courage and the golden mean of excess and absence is temperance.

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12
Q

What did Aristotle believe that humans are NOT born with?

A

VIRTUES, he believed that our virtues are learnt through our role models and become a automatic part of their character, in the end people will be virtuous due to it being an automatic motivation to do so.

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13
Q

What did Aristotle believe that we had to follow in order for us to reach eudaemonia?

A

The GOLDEN MEAN

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14
Q

What is eudaemonia?

A

Aristotle believed that eudaemonia is a state of tootle human flourishment and an ideal of total human satisfaction, he believed that by achieving eudaemonia you are able to reach honour, pleasure and practical wisdom.

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15
Q

What did Aristotle believe the purpose of eudaemonia was?

A

He believed that all humans has a end/purpose (telos) and eudaemonia is it!

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16
Q

Name 2 modern philosophers that agreed with Aristotle ?

A

Gem Anscombe

Alister McIntyre

17
Q

What did Gem Anscombe believe?

A

That we cannot use God as a oral authority due to him being dead or irrelevant, we therefore need to turn back to using virtues.

18
Q

What did Alister McIntyre say?

A

He wanted to expand on Aristotle’s ideas, he studied the history of VE and decided to propose some virtues that can be applied within the modern world, these included:
1⃣justice- so everyone’s treated fairly.
2⃣courage- so everyone faces their fears.
3⃣temperance- so everything is balanced.

19
Q

Virtue ethics is a ……….. ……….. Theory?

A

Agent centred