Virtual Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

What is self disclosure in a virtual relationship

A
  • selfdisclosure is an important feature of face to face relationships in the offline world
  • turned to its role in virtual relationships
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2
Q

What are the two major and contrasting theories in self disclosure

A
  • reduced cue theory

- the hyperpersonal model

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3
Q

What is the reduced cues theory

A
  • CMC relationships are harder to establish as people are more likely to be aggressive than self-disclose personal information
  • they are less effective then FtF relationships because they lack many of the normal cues we normally depend on in a normal relationship
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4
Q

Give an example of cues we normally depend on in a FtF relationship

A
  • non-verbal cues such as physical appearance
  • facial expressions
  • tone of voice
  • body actions
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5
Q

What can happen without these cues

A
  • lead to de-individualisation because it produces people’s sense of individual identity
  • then turns that into disinhibition in relating to others
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6
Q

What are virtual relationships therefore more likely to involve

A
  • blunt and aggressive communication
  • resulting in people not disclosing anything about themselves at all
  • and as a result you are unlikely to initiate a relationship with someone who is so impersonal
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7
Q

What is the hypersonal model

A
  • suggests that CMC relationships are easier to establish as people are more likely to self-disclose earlier on
  • disclosure happens quicker and once established they are more intense and intimate
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8
Q

What is a negative of relationships developing quickly

A
  • ## high excitement levels of interactions not matched with the level of trust
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9
Q

What is the boom and bust theory

A
  • hyperpersonal model
  • key feature: the sender of the message has more time to manipulate their online image then they would in a FtF situation
  • selective self-presentation
  • people online have more control over what they disclose and what cues to send
  • much easier to manipulate self-disclosure to promote self-disclosure
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10
Q

How does anonymity relate to the hyperpersonal model

A
  • like strangers on a train effect when it come to CMC relationships
  • when you are aware that people don’t know your identity you are less accountable for your actions
  • may disclose more to a stranger than an actual intimate partner
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11
Q

General evaluation for reduced cues theory

A

:( lack of research support

  • wrong to suggest that nonverbal cues are missing from CMC relationships
  • they are different rather than absent
  • people use the time it takes for someone to reply to a message as an intimate act
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12
Q

Evaluation of research on self disclosure

A

McKenna et al
:) longitudinal study
:) randomly selected- represent more of the population then just one part of it
:( survey- people can lie

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13
Q

What is absence of gating in virtual relationships and give examples

A
  • gate in this context means any obstacle to the formation of a relationship
  • examples being physical attractiveness, social anxiety and a stammer
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14
Q

Why are FtF relationships gated

A
  • involves many features that can interfere with the rally development of a relationship
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15
Q

So why is the absence of gating a huge advantage of CMC relationships

A
  • it means that relationships can develop to a point where self disclosure becomes more fraud t and deeper
  • absence of gating lets relationships get off the ground the way they wouldn’t in a FtF relationship
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16
Q

How does absence of gating work

A
  • refocuses the attention on self-disclosure and away from one might be considered superficial
  • online I am more interested in what you tell me rather than what you look and sound like
  • parallels with the to show the voice- focus is removed from how the singer looks but rather on how they sound
17
Q

What is a concern with this absence of gating

A
  • people are free to create fake online identities

- eg a man can become a women, or a old man can become a young man

18
Q

General evaluation of absence of gating

A

:( relationships are multimodal
- any theory trying to explain CMC relationships don’t take into account that most relationships to succeed require online as well as offline types of media
:) practical applications
- dating apps can take this information and help more people to meet people either like them or what each person is looking for