VIRTUAL MICROSCOPY Flashcards
provides a self-guided exploration of a common laboratory microscope, its care and usage, and general information about the equipment and its components.
Virtual Microscope
each lens has a specific, color-coded band that denotes its resolution:
red -
yellow -
blue -
white -
red - 4X
yellow - 10X
blue - 40X
white - 100X
total magnification formula
eyepiece x objective
things you can see in an immersion oil lens (5)
- nosepiece threading
- manufacturer (label)
- objective specifications (label)
- magnification color code
- spring load retractable front lens
is typically used with higher powered lens such as 100X
oil
T or F
Never touch the lenses with your fingers. Oil from your hands can smudge the lens and in some cases even leave scratches. Use only the appropriate lens tissues to avoid damaging the lens.
True
specially-designed lens, with an iris-type aperture, and mounted under the stage, moves vertically to adjust the beam of light entering the lens system. Changing the size of the iris and adjusting its position in relation to the stage controls the diameter and focal point of the cone of light as it passes through the specimen.
Abbe Condenser
are used to correct the bending or refraction of light as it passes through the prisms or lenses in the microscope. Each has different indexes of refraction to realign certain colors of light at the focal point, result in a much clearer image.
Achromatic lenses
area of the microscope between the tube and base
arm
this stand holds the microscope body, clams to a table, and provides movement in three dimensions.
articulated arm
features a head with two eyepiece lenses, one eyepiece for each eye.
binocular microscope
refers to he main section of the microscope, minus the stand (base) or any illuminators
body
is an adapter for use with a video camera. In general the lens from the camera is removed and replaced with an adapter which then connects to the trinocular port of the microscope
C-mount
This focusing system features the coarse and fine focus knobs on a single rotation axis.
Coaxial focus
Mounted in or below the stage, this lens focuses or “condenses” the light onto a specimen.
helps increase illumination and resolution
condenser lenses
used on low-power microscopes, this circular opaque plate is placed on the stage, and can be flipped between a white or black side depending on the coloration of the specimen
contrast plate
most useful at higher powers, it is typically a five-hole disc housed under the stage that adjusts the amount of light passing through the stage opening. Each opening is a different diameter controlling how much light passes through to help properly illuminate the specimen while also increasing contrast and resolution
diaphragm
This German standard for the manufacture of microscope lenses features a uniform thread and works with a 160mm tube length
DIN optics
used on microscopes with a binocular head, this adjustment allows each eyepiece to be focused independently to compensate for the difference in vision between your two eyes
Diopter adjustment
generally found on high-power microscopes this unit features a single eyepiece on one side and an additional eyepiece on the top or opposite side.
dual head
is the diameter of light visible when looking into the eyepiece lens
field of view or “FOV”
a type of stand used for low-power microscopes were the arm and body are integral parts and fixed firmly to the Base
Fixed arm
The method by which the specimen’s distance to the objective lens is adjusted to provide a sharp image.
Focus
- upper portion of the microscope, contains the eyepiece tube or tubes and prisms
what are its 4 kinds?
Head:
- Monocular Head
- Binocular Head
- Dual Head
-Trinocular Head
some microscopes feature a rotating arm pivot point that can be adjusted to allow for more comfortable viewing
inclination joint
This adjustment allows the distance between the eyepiece lenses, found on stereo or binocular microscope, to be set either closer or farther apart for more countable viewing.
Interpupillary Adjustment
A slide holder featuring two knobs that allow the slide position to be adjusted forwards or backwards and from side to side.
Mechanical Stage
is the metric linear measurement used for microscopy
micrometer or micron
a microscope head featuring a single eyepiece lens
monocular head
Important on high-power microscopes, this number is an expression of the lens’ ability to resolve fine detail in the observed object.
Numerical Aperture (N.A.)
A microscope that is calibrated this way will maintain the specimen in the center of the view when the objective lens is rotated
parcentered
a microscope that is calibrated this way will maintain the specimen in focus when the objective lens is rotated
parfocal
Some microscopes feature a ______ that is visible when looking through the eyepiece lens
pointer
typically used with low-power microscopes, this type of stand features a single post attached to the base allowing the body of the microscope to be rotated or adjusted vertically.
post stand
a lens system’s ability to resolve fine details of the observed object
resolution
this special grid pattern is inserted into the eyepiece lens for taking measurements of objects seen through the microscope
reticle
a separate light connected to the microscope body that produces a ring of light
ring light
this type of lens improves image quality by presenting a sharper image with less distortion in the perimeter of the field of view
Semi-Plan Lenses
this mechanical device prevents gear damage to the microscope when the focus adjustment reaches its maximum level
slip clutch
the mechanical stage allows for adjustment of the slide position forward, backward, left, or right.
stage adjustment knobs
found on low-power microscopes, this frosted circular glass plate fits in over the lower illuminator.
stage plate
for low-power microscopes, three types of connections between the microscope body
Post Stand,
Fixed Arm,
Universal Stand
when using two objectives slightly offset, the image is presented in 3d.
stereo
this area is located directly below the stage itself
sub-stage
this type of adapter is useful for attaching still cameras to the microscope
T-mount
A factory adjustment of the focusing mechanisms that makes microscope easy to focus, but tight enough to prevent the stage from drifting due to the weight of the stage or tube.
tension adjustment
this type of microscope features two eyepieces for viewing and a third for attaching a camera
trinocular head
also called a revolving nosepiece, or simply, nosepiece, this structure holds the objective lenses
turret
a long, boom-type arm used to support a (low-power) microscope body.
universal stand
these wide-diameter eyepiece lenses offer a broader FOV when viewing a specimen
widefield eyepiece lenses
in XR, the X represent the magnification of the lens while R stands for ________
“retractable”
lenses that contain a spring-loaded mechanism that allows them to telescope inward to prevent damage to the lens and slide in case of slide contact
XR lenses
are brand of specialty paper-based cleaning wipes suited for cleaning lab equipment and instruments, camera lenses, fiber optic connectors and other sensitive electronic components
Kimwipes
