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Microbiology And Parasitology PLE > Virology > Flashcards

Virology Flashcards

1
Q

The interstitial space between the nucleocapsid and the envelope

A

Tegument

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2
Q

All Viruses are haploid except

A

Retroviruses

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3
Q

One virus produces a protein that can be used by another virus

A

Complementation

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4
Q

Two different viruses infect the same cell

A

Phenotypic mixing

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5
Q

Gold standard in viral diagnosis

A

Presence of viral DNA or RNA

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6
Q

First vaccine known to prevent human cancer

A

HBV

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7
Q

All DNA viruses have double stranded DNA except

A

Parvovirus

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8
Q

All DNA viruses have linear DNA

A

Papilloma
Polyoma
Hepadna

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9
Q

All DNA viruses are icosahedral except

A

Poxvirus (complex)

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10
Q

All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus except

A

Poxvirus (cytoplasm)

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11
Q

Naked DNA viruses

A

(HU-P-AD)

Parvovirus
Adenovirus
Human Papillomavirus

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12
Q

Etiology of Erythema Infectiosum

May also cause aplastic crisis, Hydrops fetalis, pancytopenia in chronic infection

A

Parvovirus B19

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13
Q

Only virus with fiber/penton

Known to cause hemorrhagic cystitis

Histopathology: Cowdry type B inclusions

A

Adenovirus

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14
Q

Infects squamous cells and induce formation of cytoplasmic vacuoles/koilocytes

A

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

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15
Q

Cause progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in patients with AIDS

Affects oligodendrocytes (deficits in speech, coordination and memory)

A

JC Polyoma Virus

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16
Q

Causes hemorrhagic cystitis and nephropathy in patients with kidney and bone marrow transplants

A

BK Polyoma Virus

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17
Q

Multinucleated giant cells seen on Tzank Smear

Large, pink to purple intranuclear inclusions (Cowdry type A)

A

Herpes Simplex Virus

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18
Q

All enveloped viruses acquire their envelope from plasma membrane except

A

Herpes Virus (nuclear membrane)

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19
Q

Site of latency of HSV1

A

Trigeminal ganglia

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20
Q

Site of latency of HSV 2

A

Lumbosacral ganglia

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21
Q

Site of latency of VZV

A

Dorsal root ganglia

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22
Q

Dewdrop on a rose petal appearance/vesicular centrifugal rash

A

Varicella

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23
Q

Painful vesicles along dermatomal distribution

Postherpetic Neuralgia

A

Varicella Zoster

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24
Q

Cultured in shell tubes
Heterophil-negative mononucleosis

HP: giant cells with owl’s eye nuclear inclusions

A

CMV

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25
Q

Most common infectious cause of congenital abnormalities

A

Congenital CMV

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26
Q

Most common cause of blindness in HIB

A

CMV retinitis

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27
Q

Drug of choice for CMV

A

Ganciclovir

28
Q

Infects mainly lymphoid cells, primarily B lymphocytes

Heterophil-positive mononucleosis / Kissing Disease

A

EBV

29
Q

EBV infectious mononucleosis most commonly occurs in

A

Young adults

30
Q

Oral hairy leukoplakia among immunocompromised patients caused by infection of oral squamous epithelial cells with?

A

EBV

31
Q

Magnancies associated with EBV

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Hairy leukoplakia
B-cell lymphoma

32
Q

Malignancy of the vascular endothelial cells

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

33
Q

Largest viruses
Only disease eradicated from the face of the Earth

Guarnieri bodies / intracytoplasmic eosinophilic bodies

A

Poxvirus

34
Q

HP: Henderson-Peterson bodies

Pinkish, papular lesion with umbilicated center

Tx: Cifodovir

A

Molluscum Contagiosum

35
Q

Only DNA virus that produces DNA by reverse transcription with mRNA as the template

A

HBV

36
Q

Most specific marker for diagnosis of ACUTE HBV infection

Persists during the window period

A

IgM anti-HBcAg

37
Q

All RNA viruses have single-stranded RNA

A

Reovirus

Rotavirus

38
Q

All RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm except

A

Influenza

Retrovirus

39
Q

Replicates in motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord causing paralysis

A

Poliovirus

40
Q

Virus known to cause Herpangina, Hand-Footh-Mouth Disease, Hemorrhagic conjuntivitis

Most common cause of aseptic meningitis

A

Coxsackie Virus

41
Q

known to cause common colds / runny nose

A

Rhinovirus

42
Q

Also known as Enterovirus 72

A

Hepatitis A Virus

43
Q

Most common cause of nonbacterial diarrhea in adults

Sudden onset of vomiting and diarrhea accompanied by fever and abdominal cramping

A

Norwalk Virus / Norovirus

44
Q

Most common cause of childhood diarrhea

A

Rotavirus

45
Q

Most common cause of respiratory tract infections

A

Influenza virus

46
Q

Major antigens of influenza virus

A

Hemagluttinin

Neuraminidase

47
Q

Sudden change based on the reassortment of segments of genome RNA producing new strains

Causes pandemics

A

Antigenic Shifts

48
Q

Slow and progressive changes based on mutations in the genome RNA

Causes epidemics

A

Antigenic Drifts

49
Q

Drug of choice for influenza

A

Oseltamivir

Zanamivir

50
Q

Infects a host cell inducing cell membranes of adjacent cells to fuse into large multinucleated giant cells or syncitia

A

Paramyxovirus

51
Q

Cardinal manifestation of Measles

A

Cough
Coryza
Conjunctivitis

52
Q

Causes tender swelling of the parotid glands

A

Mumps Virus

53
Q

Most important cause of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants

Tx: Ribavirin

A

Respiratory Syncitial Virus

54
Q

Causative agent of Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup)

A

Parainfluenza

55
Q

Bullet shaped enveloped virus; Transmitted via animal bite

Multiplies locally at the bite site, infecting sensory neurons and moves by axonal transport to CNS

HP: Negri Bodies

A

Rabies Virus

56
Q

Enveloped RNA virus (Negative Sense)

A

Paramyxoviridae (Parainfluenza, RSV, Mumps, Measles)

Rhabdoviridae (Rabies Virus)

Orthomyxoviridae (Influenza)

57
Q

Known to cause atypical pneumonia rapidly progressing to ARDS

Chest x-ray: non-cavitary “groud-glass” infiltrates

A

Coronavirus

58
Q

Gold standard in diagnosis of Dengue

A

Dengue PCR

59
Q

Most prevalent blood-borne pathogen

Main cause of essential mixed cryoglobulinemia

A

Hepatitis C Virus

60
Q

Known to cause german measles

Transmitted via respiratory droplet, transplacental

A

Rubella virus

61
Q

PDA, Congenital cataract, sensorineural deafness, mental retardation, blueberry muffin baby

A

Congenital Rubella Syndrome

62
Q

Only RNA virus with an the enzyme, reverse transcriptase

A

Retrovirus

63
Q

Definitive diagnosis of HIV

A

Western blot analysis

64
Q

CD4 <500

A

M. Tuberculosis
HSV
C. Albicans
HHV8

65
Q

CD4 <200

A 
P. Jirovecci
T. Gondii
C. Neoformans
C. Immitis
C. Parvum
66
Q

CD4 <50

A

M. Avium
H. Capsulatum
CMV

67
Q

Most common cause of epidemic
Encephalitis

Transmitted by Culex mosquitoes

A

Japanese B Virus

Microbiology And Parasitology PLE (2 decks)

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