Virology

Question 1

Rotavirus toxin

Answer 1

NSP4 increases Cl- permeability

Question 2

Rabies Pathogenesis

Answer 2

Binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on post-synaptic motor end plate using glycoprotein

Replicates in motor neurons

Travels retrograde: to dorsal root ganglia before spreading to brain

Question 3

Phases of rabies

Answer 3

1. Prodromal-mild and nonspecific symptoms
2. Acute neurological symptoms
3. Coma-death due to respiratory arrest

Question 4

Histological feature: rabies

Answer 4

Negri bodies in hippocampus

Question 5

Reye’s Syndrome

Answer 5

Giving aspirin to kid with viral infection

Liver failure, acute brain damage (encephalitis), and death (due to mitochondrial uncoupling)

Question 6

Orthomyxovirus distinguishing feature among -strand RNA viruses

Answer 6

Replicates in the nucleus

steals cellular 5’ cap from the nucleus so that it can replicate there

Question 7

Neuraminidase

Answer 7

Cleaves sialic acid to release new viruses from host

Pharmacologic target

Question 8

Hemagglutinin

Answer 8

Glycoprotein that binds to sialic acid to agglutinate RBCs

Question 9

Disease associated with Measles

Answer 9

Subacute scelerosing Pan Encephalitis

Question 10

Virulence factors mumps

Answer 10

Fusion protein

HA

Question 11

Mumps virulence factors

Answer 11

Fusion protein
HA
NA

Question 12

Respiratory Syncytial Virus virulence factors

Answer 12

Fusion protein

Question 13

RSV is number one cause of

Answer 13

Pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children

Question 14

Signs of parainfluenza

Answer 14

Steeple sign on x-ray

Croup

Inspiratory stridor

Question 15

Bunyavirus envelope

Answer 15

By golgi

Question 16

Arenavirus causes

Answer 16

Lymphocytic choriomenigitis virus

Question 17

Owl eye inclusion bodies

Answer 17

CMV

Ebstein-barr

Question 18

Cytomegalovirus infects these cells

Answer 18

Neutrophils and monocytes

Remains latent these cells

Question 19

Number 1 cause aseptic meningitis

Answer 19

Enterovirus

Question 20

Adenovirus cell transformation

Answer 20

E1A inhibits Rb

E2B inhibits p53

Question 21

Common cause of viral conjunctivitis

Answer 21

Adenovirus

Question 22

Guarnieri bodies

Answer 22

Small box inclusion bodies

Question 23

Cell infected by Smallpox

Answer 23

Macrophage…causes viremia

Question 24

Population most at risk of CMV

Answer 24

Transplant patients

Question 25

Epstein Barr effects these cells

Answer 25

B cells

Question 26

Histological finding epstein barr

Answer 26

Heterophile antibodies

Downy cells

Question 27

Cells infected by HHV6

Answer 27

CD4+ cells

Question 28

Tat

Answer 28

Binds to HIV transcripts, recruits protein kinase which upregulates viral transcription

Question 29

Rev

Answer 29

Prevents splicing by binding to RRE

Needed to make sure both spiced and unspliced RNA get out of the nucleus

Question 30

Nef

Answer 30

Key to AIDS pathology

Increases infection and downregulates immune response

Expression in transgenic mice produce AIDS-like syndrome

Question 31

Vif

Answer 31

Enhances viral replication by inhibiting APOBEC3G (so inhibits the antiviral defense which normally converts C–>U)

Mutagenesis of HIV genome by host-cell cytosine deaminase

Question 32

VPU

Answer 32

Counteracts tetherin so that HIV can be released from infected cell

Question 33

V3

Answer 33

HIV envelope protein that is antigenic and highly variable therefore bad therapeautic target

Neutralizes Abs

Question 34

Vpr

Answer 34

Present in HIV to help transport virus from core to nucleus

Question 35

Cyclophilin

Answer 35

Host protein used by HIV to defend itself

Normally block viruses from replicating