Bacteria-other

Question 1

Virulence Factor

Borrelia burgdorferi

Answer 1

Lipoproteins OspA-F allow for attachment to tick gut and mammalian cell

Question 2

Parts of LPS

Answer 2

O-antigen=long polysaccharide chain made of sugar repeats; defense against complement

Core polysaccharide

Lipid A=toxic part of LPS; disaccharide with fatty acids attached

Question 3

Virulence factors Pseudomonas aeruignosa

Answer 3

Extracellular polysaccharide

Pili

LPS

Extracellular Enzymes

Exotoxin A

Question 4

Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 4

Porins have low permeability

Beta-lactamases

Question 5

Virulence factor staph aureus

Answer 5

Protein A-binds Fc region of immunoglobulins

Question 6

H antigen

Answer 6

Flagella

Question 7

K antigen

Answer 7

Capsule

Question 8

O-antigen

Answer 8

Part of LPS to inhibit MAC complex

Question 9

Mechanisms of phase variation

Answer 9

1. Inversion of DNA sequences (ie hin gene and flagella type expressed)
2. Recombination-between silent and expressed (ie PilS x PilE)
3. Stuttering-changes number of repeats (ie Neisseria membrane protein PII)

Question 10

Virulence factor clostridium perfringes

Answer 10

Alpha toxin-lyses erthrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; cleaves phospholipids; all leads to tissue damage and necrosis

Question 11

Virulence Factors Strep Pyogenes

Answer 11

M-protein prevents activation of complement

Toxin causes rash of scarlet fever