Viral inf. of the CNS Zoonotic Flashcards
What is the definition of an arbovirus?
The spread of a disease from an INSECT to a human either directly or indirectly.
What viral CNS infections are most likely to cause Meningitis?
LCMV
What viral CNS infections are most likely to cause encephalitis?
Arboviruses
Rabies
LCMV
What viral infection can be found mostly in the “Dead end” host of Horses and humans?
What is the vector and amplifier/resevoir?
West Nile, transmitted by mosquitos and amplified by birds.
What percentage of people will develop a mild illness known as west nile fever?
20% of infected individuals with an incubation period of 3-14 days.
What is the cardinal symptom seen following west nile fever?
Sudden onset of febrile illness mostly seen in the elderly >50 years old!
What diseases should be considered in an adult >50 yrs old who presents with unexplained encephalitis/ meningitis in the summer/ fall?
WNV or other arboviral diseases should be considered in these cases.
What arbovirus is a MAJOR cause of encephalitis in the USA?
St. Louis Encephalitis Virus (SLE)
What is the vector and reservoir for St. Louis Encephalitis Virus?
What is the incubation period?
The Culex mosquito serves as the vector acquiring the virus from birds with horses serving as the resevoir.
Again, seen primarily during summer and early fall.
Incubation:5-15 days
What are the reservoirs for Japanese encephalitis Virus and where is it most prevalent?
The reservoirs are birds and livestock and the virus is most commonly found causing encephalitis in Asia.
Amongst the toga viruses, which two are most known to cause viral encephalitis in the US?
Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE) and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEE)
Where is Eastern Equine Encephalitis most commonly found in the US and during what seasons?
What is the incubation period?
EEE is most commonly found in the gulf coast and some areas in the midwest appearing most in the summer and fall months.
Incubation: 4-10 days
Where is Western Equine Enephalitis Virus most commonly found?
What season is Western Equine Encephalitis typically seen?
Typically found within the Western parts of the USA and Canada.
Typically seen in June or July within children moreso than adults.
Where is Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus most typically found and what is unique about it?
Typically found within South and Central America. This virus is unique because it will always cause symptoms typical of the flu.
Where is LACROSSE Encephalitis virus typically found?
Typically found in the Midwestern and Mid-Atlantic states mostly in children.
