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Liver Disease > Viral Hepatitis B And D > Flashcards

Viral Hepatitis B And D Flashcards

1
Q

To have hepatitis d what do the person also need to have

A

Hepatitis b

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2
Q

How it hep b transmitted

A

Sexual activity

Intravenous drug use

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3
Q

What is the structure of hepatitis b

A

HBV DNA
HBV polymerase
HBV core antigen
HBV surface antigen

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4
Q

What cells does hepatitic b infect

A

Hepatocytes

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5
Q

How does hepatitis b infect hepatocytes

A
  1. Hepatitic b attaches to hepatocytes and becomes uncoated to release its contents
  2. HBV dna needs to host polymerase to be transcribed to MRNA so dna enters the nucleus of hepatocytes
  3. Transcription occurs
  4. Mrna is produced
  5. Mrna moves to the ribosome to become translated for protein synthesis
  6. Excess surface HBV antigen is made and released into the blood ( we test for this)
  7. Viral dna is also made by viral polymerase
  8. Dna is synthesisted and made into new HBV particles and then released
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6
Q

How do we test for hepb

A

By looking for HBV antigens

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7
Q

What causes damage to hepatocytes

A

Immune mediated response by t lymphocytes or direct or indirect cytloysis by the innate immune system that causes scarring

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8
Q

If you get hepatitis b at childhood what do you become

A

A carrier

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9
Q

Does hep b lead to chronic infection

A

Yes

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10
Q

What can hep cause

A

Liver cirrhosis

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11
Q

What is live cirrhosis a risk factor for

A

Liver failure

Liver cancer

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12
Q

How do we treat hep b

A

Iterferons

Nucleoside analogues

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13
Q

What is the mechanism of action of neucloside analogues

A

Block the viral polymerase and block the reverse transcirption of mrna to dna to form new hep b virus particles

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14
Q

Name a interferona

A

Pegylated IFN alpha 2a

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15
Q

Name a nucleoiside analogue

A

Entecavir

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16
Q

What happens with treatment of hep b with interferons and nucleoside analogues

A

Reduces serum viral titre
Liver inflammation reduces
Prevention and progression of liver fibrosis

17
Q

To get hepatitis d what does the body need

A

Hepatitis b

18
Q

When the body is infected with HDV what happens to HBV

A

HBV is supressed

19
Q

When co infection happens what happens to the liver

A

There is a faster progression to liver disease

20
Q

Does the supression of HBV with neucloside analogues affect the severity of HDV hepatitis

Liver Disease (9 decks)

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