Viral Hepatitis B And D Flashcards
To have hepatitis d what do the person also need to have
Hepatitis b
How it hep b transmitted
Sexual activity
Intravenous drug use
What is the structure of hepatitis b
HBV DNA
HBV polymerase
HBV core antigen
HBV surface antigen
What cells does hepatitic b infect
Hepatocytes
How does hepatitis b infect hepatocytes
- Hepatitic b attaches to hepatocytes and becomes uncoated to release its contents
- HBV dna needs to host polymerase to be transcribed to MRNA so dna enters the nucleus of hepatocytes
- Transcription occurs
- Mrna is produced
- Mrna moves to the ribosome to become translated for protein synthesis
- Excess surface HBV antigen is made and released into the blood ( we test for this)
- Viral dna is also made by viral polymerase
- Dna is synthesisted and made into new HBV particles and then released
How do we test for hepb
By looking for HBV antigens
What causes damage to hepatocytes
Immune mediated response by t lymphocytes or direct or indirect cytloysis by the innate immune system that causes scarring
If you get hepatitis b at childhood what do you become
A carrier
Does hep b lead to chronic infection
Yes
What can hep cause
Liver cirrhosis
What is live cirrhosis a risk factor for
Liver failure
Liver cancer
How do we treat hep b
Iterferons
Nucleoside analogues
What is the mechanism of action of neucloside analogues
Block the viral polymerase and block the reverse transcirption of mrna to dna to form new hep b virus particles
Name a interferona
Pegylated IFN alpha 2a
Name a nucleoiside analogue
Entecavir