Viral Hepatitis Flashcards
1
Q
What are the details of hepatitis A?
A
- Faeco-oral transmission
- Typical 12 week duration
- 2-3 week incubation period
- Acute infection <6 months
2
Q
Hepatitis A markers
A
- IgM + for acute infection
- IgG + for chronic infection or previous HepA
- ALT increases in acute hepatitis infection
- Acute - HAV RNA+
3
Q
How does HepB spread?
A
- Vertical - mother to child
- Sex
- Blood (IVDU, medical)
4
Q
Hepatitis B markers
A
- First marker is anti-HBc IgM and HBsAg
- HBSAg, HBEAg, HBVDNA + in acute + Anti-HBC IgM
Also the same in chronic replicative + Anti-HB IgG - Immunized - Anti HBS +
- Anti-HBc implies previous (or current) infection
5
Q
Treatment for HepB
A
Chronic - depends on risk of progression
- Antiviral e.g. teclovir - inhibit viral replication
- Interferon - immune stimulation to develop long term immune response
- Immunisation
6
Q
Transmission of HepC
A
- Blood (Medical, IVDU)
- Sexual
- Vertical
7
Q
Progression of HepC
A
Chronic most common > increased fibrosis > cirrhosis
8
Q
Treatment of HepC
A
- Interferon
- Ribavirin
- Protease inhibitors
9
Q
What are the details of HepE?
A
- Virally identical to HepA
- Acute
- Faeco-oral transmission
- May cause severe disease in pregnancy
10
Q
What are the details of Hep delta?
A
- Cannot replicate itself
- No symptoms of its own
- Coats itself in HepB surface antigen which allows it to affect cells
- Worsens prognosis of HepB
11
Q
What are the symptoms of viral hepatitis?
A
- Fever
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhoea
- Jaundice
- Dark urine
- Pale stools
- RUQ pain
12
Q
What are some HepB symptoms?
A
- Arthritis
- Vasculitis
- Myocarditis/pericarditis
- Glomerulonephropathy
13
Q
What are the markers for HepC?
A
- Anti-HCV (IgG) +
- PCR HCV RNA + in infected and - in cleared virus
- APRI > 1.5 = lots of fibrosis
14
Q
What are the markers for HDV?
A
- +HBV
- Acute - HDV RNA, HDAg, IgM +++
- Chronic - HDV RNA, IgG ++
