Viral Hepatitis Flashcards
transmitted through the fecal-oral route ??
HAV and HEV
Which one Is DNA genome ?
HBV
Serologic evaluation of the most common viral hepatitides
see
hallmark of the diagnosis of HBV infection
HBsAg
appears in the serum 1 to 10 weeks after infection
disappears in 4 to 6 months
persistence beyond 6 months implies chronic infection.
usually appear during a window period after the disappearance of HBsAg and indicate recovery after HBV infection
Anti-hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) antibodies
most accurate way of assessing HBV activity.
Quantification of HBV DNA in the serum
Diagnosis of HCV ?
quantitative and qualitative tests for HCV RNA, which have become important in confirming the diagnosis
highly contagious state ?
There is a high serum level of HBeAg, and patients in this phase are highly contagious due to the high level of HBV DNA.
No Vaccines available for ?
HCV
HDV
HEV
HAV infection prophylaxis relies on
sanitary measures
administration of serum immunoglobulin.
HAV vaccines
HBV Vaccines and Post exposure?
- immunoglobulin immunization
»postexposure prophylaxis. - HBsAg-containing vaccines
» preexposure prophylaxis
» postexposure setting along with immunoglobulin. - three-dose HBV vaccination for all children, with the first dose being administered preferably within 24 hours after birth
- Although no vaccine is available for HDV infection, effective prevention of HBV infection prevents HDV infection.
Treatment of HAV or HEV infection
is supportive in nature
The treatment of HBV infection
- aimed at patients with chronic active disease.
- Interferon-alfa and the nucleoside analogue lamivudine
- Oral nucleoside analogues > anti-HBV treatment, which include entecavir and two prodrugs of tenofovir
These Drugs ( nucleoside analog therapy ) benefits
regression of cirrhosis
reduced complications of cirrhosis
and decreased risk of developing HCC
Indication for treatment of HBV infection is based on three parameters:
serum HBV DNA
serum ALT levels
and severity of liver disease
HCV Tx ?
Interferon-alpha and ribavirin were the recommended treatment for hepatitis C for the longest time
