Viral Hemorrhagic Fever - Dengue, Yellow fever, Ebola

Question 1

Dengue fever
-what is it
-causative organism
-location
-presentation
-investigations
-management

Answer 1

Dengue virus spread by Aedes mosquito
-incubation of 7 days

Central + South America
Africa
Southeast Asia - MAJORITY HERE

Viremia - breakbone fever + retro-orbital pain + facial flushing/maculopapular rash

Remission

Warning signs of severe dengue
-abdo pain
-hepatomegaly
-persistent vomiting
-ascities, pleural effusion

Severe dengue - DIC
-thrombocytopenia + spontaneous bleeding

FBC - low WCC, PLT
LFT - high aminotransferase
GOLD STANDARD - NAAT

Symptomatic treatment
No antiviral treatment available

Question 2

Yellow fever
-causative organism
-location
-presentation
-management

Answer 2

Yellow fever virus spread by Aedes mosquito
-incubation period - 2-14days

Sub-Saharan Africa
Central and South America

Viremia - sudden onset high fevers, rigors, N+V, bradycardia

Remission

Toxic phase - jaundice, hematemesis, oliguria

Symptomatic treatment

Question 3

Ebola
-causative organism
-location
-presentation
-management

Answer 3

Ebola virus - direct contact with blood, secretions, bodily fluid

Incubation - 2-21 days

Viremia - sudden fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache, sore throat

Peak phase
-V+D
-rash
-kidney + liver impairment
-internal + external bleeding

Supportive care