Viral GI infections Flashcards
what is the definition of gastroenteritis
inflammation of the stomach small and large intestine
what virus is involved in sporadic gastro of infants
rotavirus
what virus is involved in epidemic gastro
Norwalk-like virus (assoc with vomiting as well as diarrhoea)
what virus is involved in sporadic gastro of adults
NLVs, calicivirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, rotavirus
symptoms gastroenteritis
watery diarrhoea and vomiting. headache low fever cramps
watery stools no blood high volume
toxic, hormonal diarrhoeas (severe)
watery stools no blood low vol
toxic, hormonal (mild), colonic, ingestive
grossly bloody stools high volume
colonic- severe or generalised
grossly bloody stools low vol
colonic- mild or restricted
fatty, foul, mushy, sticky stools
malabsorptive, maldigestive
what can malapsorptive and maldigestive diarrhoea be secondary to
chronic diarrhoea or pancreatic dysfunction
examples of colonic
UC, ischaemic colitis, diverticulitis, carcinoma colon, anxiety related
colonic due to organisms which are involved
shigella, e coli, salmonella, campylobacter, C dif
where does Crohns affect
mouth to anus. mainly end ileum beginning colon
where does UC affect
just colon. most end of colon and rectum
if a person is 5-15 which virus will gastroenteritis be
adeno, astro
how can you tell the degree of dehydration
vitality, hypotension, poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes
how can lab diagnosis help for gastro
PCR, enzyme linked immunoassays
treatment of gastro
rehydration, avoid anti bios, enti emetics and anti diarrhoeals
what viruses replicate in GIT and cause D and V
adeno 40,41; rota; astro; adeno
what viruses replicate in GIT and spread
picornavirus (polio, coxsackie, hep A); adenoviruses
what is characteristic of the viruses that replicate in GIT
small non enveloped RNA viruses that are resistant to pH and environment
how can you detect rotavirus in the stool
antigen ELISA in stool
how can you detect adenovirus
in stools, throat and resp swabs and secretions
how can you detect adenovirus in the stool
latex agglutination of adeno-antigen and adenovirus specific PCR
what is Norovirus - Norwalk virus in what famiily
caliciviridae
how can you diagnose caliciviruses
EM and PCR
