Viral, Fungal and Protists diseases Flashcards
Name 3 Viral diseases
- Measles
- HIV
- Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV)
How is Measles spread
Droplets from an infected persons sneeze or cough
What are the symptoms of Measles
- Red Skin Rash
- Fever (high temperature)
What fatal disease can Measles lead to?
- A lung infection called pneumonia or;
- a brain infection called encephalitis
What is done to combat Measles in Developed countries
People are vaccinated against Measles when they are young
How is HIV spread
- Through sexual contact and
- Through exchanging bodily fluids such as blood (this can happen when people share needles when taking drugs)
What are the symptoms of HIV
HIV initially causes flu like symptoms for a few weeks. Usually the person doesn’t usually experience any symptoms for a few years. During this time the disease attacks the immune cells. If the body’s immune system is badly damaged it cant cope with other infections or cancers. At this stage the virus is known as ‘late-stage HIV infection’ or ‘AIDS’.
HIV cannot be cured, but how can it be controlled
By taking antiretrovial drugs. These stop viruses replicating in the body.
Give an example of the type of plants that Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV) can affect
Tomatoes
What Tobacco Mosaic Viruses (TMV) symptoms
It causes a mosaic pattern on the leaves of the plants - parts of the leaves become discoloured.
What is the negative effect of the discolouration of the leaves caused by Tobacco Mosaic Virus (TMV).
The plant can’t carry out photosynthesis as well so the virus effects growth
Name a fungal disease
Rose Black spot
What are the symptoms of rose black spot
It causes purple or black spots to develop on leaves of rose plants. The leaves then turn yellow and drop off.
What is the negative effect of the leaves dropping of in Rose Black Spot
Less photosynthesis can happen so the plant doesn’t grow very well
How does rose black spot spread
It spreads through the environment, by water or wind
How can rose black spot be treated by gardeners
Gardeners can treat the disease using fungicides and by stripping the plant of its affected leaves. These leaves then need to be destroyed so the fungus can’t spread to other rose plants
Name a disease caused by protist
Malaria
What is malaria’s vector
The mosquito
How does the mosquito pick up the malaria protist
When it feeds on an infected animal
How does malaria spread
Whenever an infected mosquito feeds on another animal, it infects it by inserting its protist into the other animal’s blood vessels.
What are the symptoms of malaria
Malaria causes repeating episodes of fever. It can be fatal.
How can the spread of malaria be reduced
By stopping mosquitoes from breeding
How can people be protected from malaria
By using Insecticides or Mosquito Nets
