VIP and ASD Flashcards
what are visual impairments
any part of optical system, perceptual system or CNS is defective, diseased or malfunction
MC condition of VI in philippines
amblyopia
usual pedia conditions that causes of VI
CP
prematurity
language and hearing disorders
eye prob shit
toxoplasmosis
fetal alcohol syndrome
children c VI present delays in
motor skills
cognition
communication
self help skills
social skills
what is blindism
stereotyped behaviors in VI - body rock, hand sway, eye rub, head bang, finger fidget
assoc c sensory deprivation
non-purposeful but provides calming effect
characteristics of child c VI
low muscle tone
prefers supine
clings to parents
postural prob
diminished static and dynamic balance
motor delays
usual motor delays seen in VI
sitting
creeping and walking
stair neg
object transfer and hand play
RGR
grasp patterns
guidelines in facilitating movement and exploration
establish the space - describe it to pt
maximize available vision if meron
provide exp with sound and attach meaning to them
use handling techniques
hand-under-hand
child’s hand is resting over PTs hand
used for first timers - let child feel the movement while PT guides
verbally exp motions during
hand-over-hand
PT hand over child hand
child touches material then PT will just guide
used when activity is learned then gradually dec support
use of guide dogs
properly trained dogs that function on command of VIP
guides
use of sighted guides
VIP will follow their movement and guide
white canes vs long cane
white - support can and provides stab
- can be used by legally blind or low vision
long cane - for exploring surroundings
- swept on R then L foot advance
- sweep at armpit level; higher for clearance
- like shaking hands and extend 2 in beyond shoulder
discuss the cycle in facilitation of movement in VI pedia
stim and engagement
faci optimal use of vision
provide variety of movement and pos
discuss stimulation and engagement for VI
meaningful activities
promote play
discuss faci optimal use of vision for VI
heavy jt compression
different textures
weight shifting
vestib exp
discuss providing variety of movement and pos changes for VI
use sitting, standing, cruising and walking
discourage W-sitting
work in front of child
train balance reactions
discuss basic handling for VI
provide verbal cues - introductory and advance description
move c the child
goal oriented movements
use KPC
slow and small to big and fast speed and range of handling
firm touch
fostering head control for VI
several short periods of supervised prone pos - tummy time
hand under chin and behind head
can to tapping on cervical muscles
withdraw supp as child gains control
fostering rolling for VI
several short periods of supervised prone pos - tummy time
stomach to back - tuck bend arm under chest then roll over using KPC
back to stomach: extend one arm up while lifting leg on same side then roll baby towards arm using KPC
fostering sitting for VI
baby on floor and PT behind
can use hands to prop
use roods or weight shifting
fostering standing for VI
stand on stable muna
apply heavy jt compression and do wegiht shift
fostering walking for VI
make shift walker - small chair, box or box to push
hands at hip so arm free
offer less suport as control inc
guidelines in using guides
guide is taller - hold wrist
guide is same hand - hold elbow
discuss stair neg in VI
1: allow child to explore stairs but not play
2: verbal cues and extra time
3: consistent strategy
4: teach what to do with canes, hands and feet; use of handrails
5: add visual contrast to steps and lighting
6: provide lots of exp and settings
general guidelines in managing VI
use proprioceptive and vestib input
toys should be in reach
practice in-hand coordination
consistent use of terms
maintain predictable arrangement
involve parent and caregivers
allow time for learning
what is ASD
neurodev disability - social communication and behaviors
probs in posture and muscle tone
ASD motor domain
abnormal UE tone
postural assym in lying
head lag in pull to sit
discuss positioning and AD in ASD
used to align, support or inhibit movements
pelvic supp
femoral stab
lateral supp
discuss bean bag chairs in ASD
circle time for pt c sensory issues
weighted lap pads - grounding effect
cushions for kids to wiggle in place
has fidget toys for busy fingers
can also help low tone kids to sit up straight
discuss management in ASD
sessions are very structured
educate parents, teacher and others
faci motor, locomotor, fine motor, balance and object control
