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Fall 2021: Psychology of Criminal Behaviour > Violence > Flashcards

Violence Flashcards

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1
Q

What is violence?

A

have their roots in complicated emotional motivations and reactions.

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2
Q

True or false, anger is the only cause of violence? Explain

A

false

anger management would reduce violence.

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3
Q

Violence may be related to shame and blame. Explain

A

Life should treat me fairly. When people have traumatic childhood, feel shame, weakness, vulnerability, etc. When someone makes these feelings come back, act like they wish they had when they were younger.

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4
Q

What is the history of violence in a person?

A

frequency of violence
recency violent behaviour
severity of past violent behaviour
age at first occurrence.

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5
Q

Why do they put many names to homicide?

A

Cause different motivations for different homicide.

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6
Q

Name a few biological correlates to violence?

A

trauma, subjective CNS, acute psychotic disorder

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7
Q

Social and learning correlates of violence?

A

Family teaches violence as a mode of communication.
peer group endorses violence, especially during adolescence.
Job instability, threatened, job loss.
Lower SES. Weapons interest, possession, facility, and recent use.
Victim availability, victim pool.
Alcohol and stimulant.
Pop culture, influences, such as TV, media, game.

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8
Q

Person characteristics of violence?

A

male, 15-24, history of childhood abuse and neglect, paranoid ideation. Hallucinations with violent content, below average intelligence, anger, fear problems, psychopathy, poor treatment.

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9
Q

Mitigating factors of violence?

A

home, health, family, alternatives, career, belief systems, resources, self-esteem, reputation, dignity.

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10
Q

What is a homicide?

Culpable v. non-culpable.

A

causes death of another human directly or indirectly.

Culpable is when at blame or accountable.

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11
Q

Homicide versus murder 1st degree, 2nd degree, manslaughter.

A

1-2 culpable with intentions

manslaughter: homicide without intentions of death, intentions to cause harm.

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12
Q

Infanticide?

A

culpable homicide of killing the newborn baby.

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13
Q

Examples of non-culpable?

A

Justifiable homicide
killing at war
euthanasia
capital punishment

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14
Q

Sentencing 1st degree?

Sentencing 2nd degree?

A

1- life sentence, no possibility of parole for 25 years.

2- life sentence with no parole for minimum 10 years.

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15
Q

Who can be accused infanticide?

A

female who gave birth to a child

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16
Q

What are the goals of sentencing in Canada?

A

denounces unlawful conduct
discourages offenders and others from committing crimes
separate offenders from society
assist in rehabilitation of offenders
provide reparation for harm done to victim and community
promote responsibility for ones actions and acknowledge harms done

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17
Q

Homicide rate in canada…

A

going up two years in a row after a consistent decrease

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18
Q

Homicide rate in provinces that went up…

A

quebec, nova scotia, british colombia, alberta, saskatchewan

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19
Q

Homicide rates that went down in Canada///

A

Manitoba, Ontario, New Bruinswick, PEI, Nwfoundland and Labrador

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20
Q

What is the most common method of homicide in Canada? second and third

A

Shooting, stabbing, beating

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21
Q

Who commits the most violence?

A

Men between 18-24

22
Q

Who is more likely to be the killer between spouse, stranger, acquaintance and other family relationship?

A

Acquaintance, other family relationship, stranger, spouse.

23
Q

Gun-related homicides are (increasing/decreasing). Which is the most common firearm in Canada?

A

increase

handgun

24
Q

Who is the most likely to be victim of a homicide?

A

18-59 males

25
Q

Femicide saw an (increase/decrease) in 2020?

A

Increase

26
Q

What are the causes of stranger on stranger homicides?

A

substance abuse

unintended outcome of other serious crimes.

27
Q

Typology two main factors:

A

context of the homicide

victim homicide

28
Q

What is a filicide?

A

killing of children by biological or step-parent

29
Q

What is the evolutionary theory of homicide?

A

Psychological adaptations occurs as a consequence of social adaptation problems.

30
Q

Who is more likely to kill their children when the child is older?

A

Men

31
Q

What is a uxoricide?

A

Killing one’s wife

32
Q

What is mariticide?

A

Killing one’s husband

33
Q

What is a parricide? Common cause

A

killing parents.

Abused

34
Q

Familicide? Who?

A

killing parents, siblings, spouses and children

Most often male

35
Q

3 types of maternal filicide?

A

Neonaticide
Battering mothers
mental illness

36
Q

Neonaticide maternal filicide:

A

Kill children within 24h of life.
Not suicidal or history of mental illness.
Hid pregnancy

37
Q

Battering mothers maternal filicde?

A

Does not abuse, but doesnt stop the abuse.

38
Q

Mental Illness maternal filicide?

A

More likely to have killed older children and multiple children. May be diagnosed with psychosis or mental illness.

39
Q

What is in altruistic filicide?

A

mothers who kill out of love.

40
Q

What is postpartum blues?

A

85%

mood swings, crying spells, anxiety and difficulty sleeping.

41
Q

Postpartum depression:

A

7-19% of women
sadness, low energy, changes in sleeping and eating patterns, no sex, crying, anxiety, irritability. Clinical depression.

42
Q

Postpartum psychosis

A

1-2/1000 birth

irritable, extreme mood swings and hallucinations, homicidal thoughts, possible need for psychiatric hospitalization

43
Q

Learning theory of homicide:

A

fail to inhibit and approve behaviour. (violence is good to deal with interpersonal conflict, parents use aggression as punishment, culture of honor = toxic masculinity)

44
Q

Social cognitive theory of homicide:

A

How we perceive the world around us. Distortion of moral thinking, etc.

45
Q

Polaschek, Collie and Walkey see 4 main themes to justify violence in violent offenders:

A

Normalization of violence
Beat or be beaten
I am the law
I get out of control

46
Q

What is the pre-emtive homicide theory:

A

Fear of being killed drives homicide to go up. Social groups with higher victimization are more likely to commit murder (African amerixan)

47
Q

What is the personality theory of offending?

A

Risky behaviours, hostile and agressive.
Impulsiveness, negative emotionality (no self-control) increase chances.
Empathy decrease.

48
Q

Name 3 biological factors associated with homicide:

A

intelligence, impulsiveness, and temerament

49
Q

Why is temperament associated with homicide? 3 factors

A

Because its the basis of personality so it makes some people more easy to socialize.

Individuals who react negatively to new things, reject warmth from people, poor attachment quality

Irritable temperament, likelihood of being treated badly: seek acceptance from similar people

50
Q

Why have treatments for homicide not been researched as much as treatments from sexual assault

A

Less likely to go back to the outside world

51
Q

What are the things that are often included in treatments for homicide?

A 
anger management
self-control
problem solving
interpersonal skills
social attitutes
52
Q

Do homicide treatments work? What are the things that help

A

Yes:

longer treatments, more specifc treatments, correctional staff instead of rehabilitation pro.

Fall 2021: Psychology of Criminal Behaviour (11 decks)

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