Vinification Flashcards
What is sorting?
The process of removing MOGs (material other than grapes).
What is destemming?
Separating the stems from the berries in the clusters. This decision ultimately will impact the flavor and style of the finished wine.
During the crushing process, can the grapes be pressed with too much force?
Yes. Ideally, crushing is gentle as to avoid releasing unwanted bitterness and tannins from the grapes.
Describe how fermentation occurs.
Sugar + Yeast = Alcohol, CO2, Flavors & Aromas, and Heat
225L barrels are called what?
Barriques
What 3 materials are commonly used to create fermentation/aging vessels?
Wood
Concrete
Stainless-Steel
What are the 4 ways that wooden barrel aging affects winemaking?
Evaporation
Oxidation
Texture Changes (oak softens tannin)
Flavor Changes (oak imparts flavor)
What flavors does American oak impart into wine?
Often bold flavors of vanilla, baking spices, dill, and coconut
What flavors does French oak impart into wine?
Sublter aromas of vanilla, toast, and spice
What is a cooperage?
Where barrels are formed, assembled, and toasted
What is chaptalization?
The process of adding sugar to must to increase the alcohol
What is acidification?
The process of adding tartaric acid to increase the acidity of the must
Would you tend to see more chaptalization used in cool or warm climates?
Cool
Would you tend to see more acidification used in cool or warm climates?
Warm
What is must?
Unfermented grape juice