VII Flashcards
- Biosecurity is a set of practices and measures implemented on farms to minimize the risk of infectious or injurious agents affecting livestock and crops.
- It involves adopting attitudes and behaviors to reduce the risk of disease introduction and spread in all activities involving domestic, captive, exotic, and wild animals and their products.
Biosecurity
*Why is Biosecurity Important?**
- Sustainable food production
- Public health
- **Biodiversity protection
Who is Responsible for Biosecurity?*
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Everyone involved in the farm operation plays a role in biosecurity, including:
- Owners, managers, and employees
- On-farm service providers (veterinarians, extension specialists, delivery personnel, feed and maintenance personnel, suppliers, and salespersons)
- Other providers (auction markets, packing plants, breeding stock providers, livestock exhibitions, veterinary clinics, working facilities, livestock transporters, and government agencies)
What are the Components of a Biosecurity Plan?**
A biosecurity plan aims to reduce the risk of disease exposure and transmission. It includes the following components:
- Bio-exclusion (External Biosecurity): Preventing the introduction of new pathogens to livestock premises.
- Bio-management (Internal Biosecurity): Reducing the spread of disease among animals on already contaminated premises.
- Biocontainment: Preventing the escape and spread of pathogens from the premises to other animal populations.
Preventing the introduction of new pathogens to livestock premises.
*Bio-exclusion (External Biosecurity)
Reducing the spread of disease among animals on already contaminated premises.
Bio-management (Internal Biosecurity):
Preventing the escape and spread of pathogens from the premises to other animal populations.
Bio contaminant
Using barriers (physical, temporal, or procedural) to limit the risk of pathogen transmission.
Segregation
Cleaning, washing, disinfecting, and drying to reduce and inactivate pathogens.
Sanitation
Organizing the flow of animals, people, and materials to prevent cross-contamination.
Flow management
Documentation is crucial for tracking and monitoring biosecurity measures.
Records
External Biosecurity:
- Quarantine new animals.
- Wash trucks and equipment.
- Use footbaths, boot covers, and handwashing stations.
- Minimize access routes and unnecessary visitors.
- Maintain visitor logs.
- Ensure feed quality assurance.
- Clean and disinfect equipment from other farms.
- Provide wheel dips or spraying facilities at the entrance.
- Fence farms and secure entry points.
- Maintain a clean environment around the farm.
- Allow for adequate downtime between animal placements.
- Provide dedicated changing facilities for protective clothing and footwear.
Internal Biosecurity
- Monitor for signs of disease and report any unusual occurrences.
- Avoid using feed equipment for manure handling.
- Control pests (rodents, birds, insects).
- Restrict pet animals.
- Maintain clean and organized housing areas.
- Clean up feed spills promptly.
- Provide separate toilet and handwashing facilities.
- Use footbaths at house entrances.
- Practice single-age farming to reduce pathogen cycling.
- Group animals with similar age, parentage, and vaccination status.
- Ensure complete depopulation before introducing new stock.
- Dispose of dead animals properly.
- Prevent the removal of diseased animals from the farm.
Bio containment
Additional Management Practices to Prevent Diseases:**
- Provide adequate space and ventilation.
- Prevent extreme temperature changes.
- Practice good sanitation and disinfection.
- Provide clean water and adequate nutrition.
- Ensure colostrum intake for newborn animals.
- Avoid moldy or spoiled feed.
- Separate age groups.
- Breed females at the appropriate age and weight.
- Immunize animals.
- Control internal and external parasites.
- Monitor for disease signs and treat sick animals promptly.
- Maintain a clean and safe environment.
- Implement quarantine measures when necessary.
- Establish and follow animal health and welfare protocols.
