Vietnam application

Question 1

GDP

Answer 1

2023 - £340bn

Question 2

Growth

Answer 2

2023 - 6.5%

Question 3

CPI inflation

Answer 3

3.5%

Question 4

Interest rate

Answer 4

4.5%

Question 5

Exchange rate

Answer 5

VND
Depreciated slightly against $

Question 6

Unemployment

Answer 6

2.3%
Under-employment is more of an issue

Question 7

CA

Answer 7

+2% GDP

Question 8

Fiscal deficit

Answer 8

4% GDP

Question 9

Debt

Answer 9

39% GDP

Question 10

Sectoral distribution

Answer 10

Agriculture - 12%
Industry - 38%
Services - 50%

Question 11

Development

Answer 11

HDI - 0.7 (medium)
Absolute poverty rate - 1993→2023 - 58%-5%
Gini - 0.35 - rising rural-urban inequality

Question 12

Demand-side policy

Answer 12

$15.4bn stimulus package in 2022 targeting businesses and workers

Question 13

Supply-side policy

Answer 13

National Education Reform - STEM, vocational training
Tax breaks for high-tech/electronics/renewables sectors
North-South expressway - transport infrastructure

Question 14

Trade and globalisation

Answer 14

Trade agreements -ASEAN/CPTPP/EVFTA
- focus on export-led growth
FDI - 60k foreign firms operating in Vietnam
Comparative advantage - low labour costs, young workforce